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| Kīlauea Volcano's Kamokuna lava delta on October 6. Multiple streams of lava entering the ocean on both sides of the delta created small plumes of laze (lava haze). The visible part of the delta, which is deceptively stable, was built by many small lava flows accumulating on an unstable foundation of unconsolidated volcanic rock fragments. See Volcano Watch story below. USGS photo by L. DeSmither |
Kāʻū Food Pantry is staffed by volunteers and is able to feed up to 120 families. The food is provided on the last Tuesday of each month, designed to offer one to three days of nutrition in order to help those short of money, benefits and food by month's end. Kāʻū Food Pantry is able to buy food from Hawai`i Food Basket for 18 cents a pound. A dollar can purchase a half-case of food.
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| St. Jude's Episcopal Church in Ocean View, home to Ka`u Food Pantry and many more programs of community service. Photo from St. Jude's |
Non-perishable food items and money are both welcome. Donations, which are tax deductible, can be provided via checks written to St. Jude's, with a notation on the check for Kāʻū Food Pantry, or directly to Kāʻū Food Pantry and mailed to P.O. Box 6184, Ocean View, HI 96737.
THANKSGIVING DINNER AT
ST. JUDE'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH drew 25 volunteers, "who set up, served, greeted and cleaned up," providing more than 130 plates of food. Fifteen keiki also visited a Make n Take craft table, reports the St. Jude's monthly newsletter Talk Story. "Inviting all the community to the Thanksgiving table reflects the longing to make sure that those who are lonely, lost or otherwise without opportunity, celebrate a tasty home cooked Thanksgiving dinner."
Upcoming St. Jude's events include Greening of the Church on Dec. 2, Connie's Cookie Bake, inviting youth to join adults in baking and decorating cookies for the Keiki Christmas Party. The Keiki Christmas Party will be Dec. 9 with a Rudolph Reading Room and book giveaway, along with a meeting with Santa Claus and his helpers to receive a Christmas stocking, an d a visit to Mrs. Claus'
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| St. Jude's provides hot showers, soap, shampoo and clean towels, along with a hot meal each Saturday. Photo from St. Jude's |
The Dental Van comes to St. Jude's on Dec. 13 from 8:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. The Medical Van serves the community on Dec. 14 from 8:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. The Women's Christmas Brunch is Dec. 18. Christmas Eve begins with bells and caroling at 5 p.m., a Eucharist Service at 6:30 p.m., and an Aloha Feast at 7:30 p.m.
On Dec. 27, the Dental Van returns with care from 8:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. On Dec. 28, the Medical Van returns with care for the public from 8:30 a.m. to 1 p.m.
In addition, St. Jude's provides a public health shower with hot water, soap, shampoo and clean towels every Saturday from 9 am. to 2 p.m., along with a free hot meal.
In the future, St. Jude's is planning to open a computer lab with computer classes, following the recent receipt of grant money. The church also provides free wifi and free charging for cell phones and computers.
Volunteers are needed. Call 939-7000 or visit St. Jude's at 92-8606 Paradise Circle, Ocean View.To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see Facebook. Follow us on Instagram and Twitter. See our online calendars and our latest print edition at kaucalendar.com.
KA`U HOSPITAL CHARITABLE FOUNDATION has launched a Giving Tuesday Campaign for Nov. 28, The campaign statement asks prospective funders to, "Imagine knowing you helped save a person's life who needed services in the Emergency Room."
It asks, "Can you see the smiles on the faces of the residents enjoying the sunshine outdoors in the garden area that so many of you helped create during this past year?" It states, "You can help advance the medical knowledge of staff members through the Hospital Scholarship fund."
Those following Kīlauea Volcano's ongoing East Rift Zone eruption are likely aware that when lava enters the ocean, it often forms new land. But what is this new land called?
A few years ago, "bench" was the term commonly used for the accumulation of lava at an ocean entry. But geologists have moved away from that word, because the geologic definition of a bench does not agree with the process by which new land forms when lava enters the sea.
"Lava delta" is now the accepted geologic characterization. But, because the word "bench" was used for so long, it can be hard to transition to a different name for the new land formed at an ocean entry. As we all know, bad habits are hard to break.
The purpose of this Volcano Watch is to help resolve any confusion about what new land at an active ocean entry should be called, and to describe the processes by which lava deltas form and evolve.
So, why is "bench" the wrong word? First and foremost, to geologists, benches are erosional features, whereas deltas are depositional features, formed by the accumulation of new material.
Coastal benches are nearly horizontal terrains commonly formed by wave erosion over long periods of time. These flat and narrow features form at the base of sea cliffs near the high tide mark. In Hawaiʻi, Hanauma Bay is an example of a bench that cut into the southeast wall of a tuff ring (low relief volcanic crater) next to Koko Head on the Island of Oʻahu.
Referring to a lava delta as a "shelf" is another common, but misguided, term that's used to describe the ocean entry feature. A shelf is a nearly horizontal, shallow ledge of continental crust that extends below sea level off the coast of a land mass. Island shelves can be found off the coast of the Hawaiian Islands as well, but they are generally much larger than lava deltas.
In contrast to the erosional origin of a bench, a lava delta is a depositional feature built by the accumulation of lava near the base of the sea cliff at an ocean entry. To understand this process, picture a river delta, like that of the Mississippi.
River deltas are land areas that protrude from the surrounding coastline near the mouth of a river. They form when alluvium, such as silt and sand, is transported down the river and then deposited where the river enters a larger body of standing or slower-moving water, such as an ocean.
Molten lava insulated in a tube is like a river. It is transported to the coast, where it enters the ocean.
As the approximately 1140-degree Celsius (2080-degree Fahrenheit) lava flows into the ocean, it quickly cools, creating a potentially explosive interaction. Small explosions and surf action break the lava into smaller pieces of rubbly rock and sand, which are then deposited onto the sea floor beneath the ocean entry. The accumulation of this unconsolidated material produces the unstable foundation on which lava deltas are built.
As a lava delta continues to grow, its front can begin to subside, because the increasing weight of the delta causes its rubbly foundation to shift. When a lava delta becomes too heavy, or is undercut downslope, it collapses, either partially or completely.
When a lava delta collapses, it can trigger explosions that throw blocks of solid rock and fragments of molten lava both inland and seaward. Lava delta collapses can further undercut the older sea cliff, causing it to collapse as well. So, a seemingly stable sea cliff in the vicinity of an ocean entry is a hazardous area. Other hazards that accompany lava delta collapses include localized tsunami and large waves that can carry scalding seawater inland.
Additional information about ocean entry hazards is posted on the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory website athttps://volcanoes.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/hawaii_ocean_entry.html.
Names say a lot, and in this case the name describes the process by which a lava delta forms. Calling the feature by other names can be misleading. When enjoying the excitement of lava entering the ocean, remember to call the new land a lava delta.
To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see Facebook. Follow us on Instagram and Twitter. See our online calendars and our latest print edition at kaucalendar.com.
VOLCANO VILLAGE ARTISTS HUI'S 31ST ART STUDIO TOUR & SALE winds up on Sunday, Nov. 26, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., with the public invited to visit six artists' studios in Volcano Village. Meet artists, view and purchase wide variety of artwork from local artists. Special drawing held at sales end. For more call 987-3472. Find a map of the six participating artists studios at VolcanoVillageArtistsHui.com.
THE ANNUAL DECORATED COTTAGES HOLIDAY CHALLENGE at Kīlauea Military Camp within Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park began this weekend and continues through Friday, Jan. 1. Open to authorized patrons and sponsored guests, the KMC Cottages are adorned with lighting and decorations for evening strolls. Park entrance fees apply. For more, call 967-8371 or visit kilaueamilitarycamp.com.
JOIN A GUIDED HIKE ALONG THE PALM TRAIL in the Kahuku Unit of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park on Sunday, Nov. 26, from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. The hike will also be offered on Dec. 3 and Dec. 23.
Palm Trail is a moderately difficult 2.6-mile loop traversing scenic pastures along an ancient cinder cone, with some of the best panoramic views Kahuku has to offer. Highlights include relics of the ranching era, sections of remnant native forest and amazing volcanic features from the 1868 eruptive fissures.
For more, visit nps.gov/HAVO.
HOVE ROAD MAINTENANCE BOARD OF DIRECTORS meets Tuesday, Nov. 28, at10 a.m., in the HOVE Road Maintenance Corp. office. For more, call 929-9910.
KA‘Ū FOOD PANTRY offers free food to those in need on Tuesday, Nov. 28, from 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m., at St. Jude’s Episcopal Church in Ocean View.
REGISTER KEIKI, GRADES K-8, BY TUESDAY, NOV. 28, FOR A FELT WINTER HANGING CRAFT class that takes place Wednesday, Nov. 29, from 3:30 p.m. to 5 p.m. at Pāhala Community Center. For more, call 928-3102 or visit hawaiicounty.gov/pr-recreation.
THE ART OF TAIKO COMES TO NĀ‘ĀLEHU PUBLIC LIBRARY on Thursday, Nov. 30, from 3:30 p.m. to 4:15 p.m. Master taiko drummer Kenny Endo and his Taiko Center of the Pacific ensemble will demonstrate and discuss taiko in group and festival drumming.
Recommended for ages five and older. Young children must be accompanied by a parent or adult caregiver. For more information, contact 939-2442.
For a schedule of other upcoming library programs visit librarieshawaii.org/events.
It asks, "Can you see the smiles on the faces of the residents enjoying the sunshine outdoors in the garden area that so many of you helped create during this past year?" It states, "You can help advance the medical knowledge of staff members through the Hospital Scholarship fund."
All the Giving Tuesday and other donations "raised by our Foundation go directly to enhance the quality of care provided at Kāʻū Hospital and its rural health clinic by enabling the purchase of advanced medical equipment, resources to improve patient and resident care as well as staff training and scholarships," says the Foundation's website. Donations can be made to Kāʻū Hospital Charitable Foundation, P.O. Box 773, Pāhala, HI 96777 or online. For more information, contact
kauhcf@gmail. See more at Ka`u Hospital Charitable Foundation.
To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see Facebook. Follow us on Instagram and Twitter. See our online calendars and our latest print edition at kaucalendar.com.
WHAT IS NEW LAND CALLED AT KILAUEA VOLCANO'S OCEAN ENTRIES? That's the question answered by this week's Volcano Watch written by scientists at Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, operated by the U.S. Geological Survey:
kauhcf@gmail. See more at Ka`u Hospital Charitable Foundation.
To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see Facebook. Follow us on Instagram and Twitter. See our online calendars and our latest print edition at kaucalendar.com.
WHAT IS NEW LAND CALLED AT KILAUEA VOLCANO'S OCEAN ENTRIES? That's the question answered by this week's Volcano Watch written by scientists at Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, operated by the U.S. Geological Survey:
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| An active delta earlier this year on the southeast coast of Kīlauea Volcano. USGS photo |
A few years ago, "bench" was the term commonly used for the accumulation of lava at an ocean entry. But geologists have moved away from that word, because the geologic definition of a bench does not agree with the process by which new land forms when lava enters the sea.
"Lava delta" is now the accepted geologic characterization. But, because the word "bench" was used for so long, it can be hard to transition to a different name for the new land formed at an ocean entry. As we all know, bad habits are hard to break.
The purpose of this Volcano Watch is to help resolve any confusion about what new land at an active ocean entry should be called, and to describe the processes by which lava deltas form and evolve.
So, why is "bench" the wrong word? First and foremost, to geologists, benches are erosional features, whereas deltas are depositional features, formed by the accumulation of new material.
 |
| This cross-section shows the structure of a lava delta and highlights the hazards of these unstable features. Despite layers of cooled, solid lava (brown) on the delta surface, the unstable foundation (white) often shifts along zones of weakness (dashed black line) within the delta. These weak zones are often expressed as large cracks parallel to the coastline on the delta surface. Even if the cracks are superficially covered by new flows, they continue to weaken the foundation, making the lava delta prone to collapse. USGS graphic by J. Johnson |
Referring to a lava delta as a "shelf" is another common, but misguided, term that's used to describe the ocean entry feature. A shelf is a nearly horizontal, shallow ledge of continental crust that extends below sea level off the coast of a land mass. Island shelves can be found off the coast of the Hawaiian Islands as well, but they are generally much larger than lava deltas.
In contrast to the erosional origin of a bench, a lava delta is a depositional feature built by the accumulation of lava near the base of the sea cliff at an ocean entry. To understand this process, picture a river delta, like that of the Mississippi.
 |
| Lava flowing onto a lava delta, adding on land to the island, but unstable and capable of falling into the ocean. USGS photo |
Molten lava insulated in a tube is like a river. It is transported to the coast, where it enters the ocean.
As the approximately 1140-degree Celsius (2080-degree Fahrenheit) lava flows into the ocean, it quickly cools, creating a potentially explosive interaction. Small explosions and surf action break the lava into smaller pieces of rubbly rock and sand, which are then deposited onto the sea floor beneath the ocean entry. The accumulation of this unconsolidated material produces the unstable foundation on which lava deltas are built.
As a lava delta continues to grow, its front can begin to subside, because the increasing weight of the delta causes its rubbly foundation to shift. When a lava delta becomes too heavy, or is undercut downslope, it collapses, either partially or completely.
When a lava delta collapses, it can trigger explosions that throw blocks of solid rock and fragments of molten lava both inland and seaward. Lava delta collapses can further undercut the older sea cliff, causing it to collapse as well. So, a seemingly stable sea cliff in the vicinity of an ocean entry is a hazardous area. Other hazards that accompany lava delta collapses include localized tsunami and large waves that can carry scalding seawater inland.
Additional information about ocean entry hazards is posted on the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory website athttps://volcanoes.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/hawaii_ocean_entry.html.
To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see Facebook. Follow us on Instagram and Twitter. See our online calendars and our latest print edition at kaucalendar.com.
VOLCANO VILLAGE ARTISTS HUI'S 31ST ART STUDIO TOUR & SALE winds up on Sunday, Nov. 26, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., with the public invited to visit six artists' studios in Volcano Village. Meet artists, view and purchase wide variety of artwork from local artists. Special drawing held at sales end. For more call 987-3472. Find a map of the six participating artists studios at VolcanoVillageArtistsHui.com.
THE ANNUAL DECORATED COTTAGES HOLIDAY CHALLENGE at Kīlauea Military Camp within Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park began this weekend and continues through Friday, Jan. 1. Open to authorized patrons and sponsored guests, the KMC Cottages are adorned with lighting and decorations for evening strolls. Park entrance fees apply. For more, call 967-8371 or visit kilaueamilitarycamp.com.
JOIN A GUIDED HIKE ALONG THE PALM TRAIL in the Kahuku Unit of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park on Sunday, Nov. 26, from 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. The hike will also be offered on Dec. 3 and Dec. 23.
Palm Trail is a moderately difficult 2.6-mile loop traversing scenic pastures along an ancient cinder cone, with some of the best panoramic views Kahuku has to offer. Highlights include relics of the ranching era, sections of remnant native forest and amazing volcanic features from the 1868 eruptive fissures.
For more, visit nps.gov/HAVO.
HOVE ROAD MAINTENANCE BOARD OF DIRECTORS meets Tuesday, Nov. 28, at10 a.m., in the HOVE Road Maintenance Corp. office. For more, call 929-9910.KA‘Ū FOOD PANTRY offers free food to those in need on Tuesday, Nov. 28, from 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m., at St. Jude’s Episcopal Church in Ocean View.
REGISTER KEIKI, GRADES K-8, BY TUESDAY, NOV. 28, FOR A FELT WINTER HANGING CRAFT class that takes place Wednesday, Nov. 29, from 3:30 p.m. to 5 p.m. at Pāhala Community Center. For more, call 928-3102 or visit hawaiicounty.gov/pr-recreation.
THE ART OF TAIKO COMES TO NĀ‘ĀLEHU PUBLIC LIBRARY on Thursday, Nov. 30, from 3:30 p.m. to 4:15 p.m. Master taiko drummer Kenny Endo and his Taiko Center of the Pacific ensemble will demonstrate and discuss taiko in group and festival drumming.
Recommended for ages five and older. Young children must be accompanied by a parent or adult caregiver. For more information, contact 939-2442.
For a schedule of other upcoming library programs visit librarieshawaii.org/events.
CU HAWAI‘I FEDERAL CREDIT UNION OFFERS EMPLOYMENT as a Member Service Representative in Nā‘ālehu. CU Hawai‘i seeks energetic individuals for full time positions who enjoy working with people and can provide professional, courteous and efficient service to valued members.
The ideal candidate must be service oriented and possess good communication and computer skills. Cash handling and customer service experience is preferred. Must be able to work Saturdays. CU Hawai‘i offers medical, drug, dental, vision and retirement benefits.
Email, mail or fax application to: Attn: Human Resources, 476 Hinano Street Hilo, HI 96720, Fax: (808) 935-7793. Applications can be found online at cuhawaii.com/careers.html.
The ideal candidate must be service oriented and possess good communication and computer skills. Cash handling and customer service experience is preferred. Must be able to work Saturdays. CU Hawai‘i offers medical, drug, dental, vision and retirement benefits.
Email, mail or fax application to: Attn: Human Resources, 476 Hinano Street Hilo, HI 96720, Fax: (808) 935-7793. Applications can be found online at cuhawaii.com/careers.html.
