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Tuesday, June 20, 2017

Ka`u News Briefs Tuesday, June 20, 2017

Hawai`i has the highest homeless rate in the U.S. per capita, with a highest percentage among
Hawaiians, Pacific islanders and people escaping the mainland to live in paradise. See story below.










THE HAWAI`I CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION has joined members of the U.S. House of Representatives and U.S. Senate in a lawsuit against President Trump to enforce the Emoluments Clause of the U.S. Constitution. The suit deals with gifts or benefits that the President, or other Administration officials, might receive from foreign governments and businesses. The lawsuit would give Congress the authority to vote on, and approve, any foreign emoluments on a case-by-case basis.
     “The American people deserve a president who is a servant leader who they can trust to represent the people’s interests, rather than his or her own. Those who voted for President Trump took him at his word - that having accumulated enough of his own personal wealth, he would be solely focused on serving the American people," said Rep. Tulsi Gabbard.
    “It is paramount that President Trump divest himself from his properties, especially those abroad, so Americans can trust that this Administration’s foreign policy decisions are not being influenced by the President’s investments. We need to be assured, for example, that U.S.-Saudi policy is not being influenced by a Trump resort or other investments in that country, rather it is crafted to serve the best interests of the American people. If President Trump does the right thing by seeking and receiving appropriate congressional approval, stops accepting financial benefits from foreign government officials, and divests himself from his properties, I will withdraw my support from this lawsuit. The people of this country deserve transparency and confidence that the President is acting on their behalf,” she said.

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Dr. Josh Green brings attention to Hawai`i having the highest homeless
rate per capita in the country.  He calls it a medical condition and wants
doctors to write prescriptions for housing.
HOMELESSNESS: "No other issue is currently as pressing in Hawai`i," said West Ka`u state Senator Josh Green today. He released a statement on the topic:
     Statewide, "We have the highest rate of homelessness per capita in the nation with 505 out of every 100,000 residents without housing: a total of about 8,000 people. Here, we have the highest life expectancy in the country, yet the average life expectancy of our homeless individuals is 51. People afflicted with mental illness and addiction suffer on our streets. Families with children live in tent cities under constant threat of upheaval. Unsafe and unsanitary conditions lead to health complications that put over a billion dollar strain on our already limited Medicaid resources. This is a public health crisis. This is a humanitarian crisis. This is an economic crisis. 
     "Compassionately and effectively tackling the moral, economic, and societal issues that all must be addressed to solve our states homelessness crisis will require innovation, collaboration, and, above all else, determination. As a doctor and as a senator, know that I will continue to seek out new ideas and approaches, and will continue this fight in the legislature,the emergency room, and in our communities."
While most homelessness is in urban O`ahu, remote places are 
where homeless people retreat as streets and parks are cleared.
     For local residents to view, Green provided links to television specials from PBS and BBC and said they are only "two of the most recent examples of the national and international media covering our homeless epidemic. The nation and the world have taken notice of our struggles and our steadfast efforts to combat them. With their eyes upon us, I am confident that not only can we succeed, but we can also set a shining example for other communities struggling with homelessness. We will continue to tirelessly move forward together with innovation, collaboration, compassion, and, of course, with aloha. We will not rest until we have seen tangible, positive change."
     Green advocates to accept homelessness as a medical condition and says providing housing would save taxpayer money at the emergency rooms and hospital wards. He says that doctors should be able to write prescriptions for housing homeless people and that health insurance should cover it.
    While his bills are yet to pass the state legislature, he is working with insurance companies to help save them money, he says.
     View the BBC's Homeless in Hawai`i and the PBS feature Hawai`i's Homeless.

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A TELEPHONE TOWN HALL MEETING ON HURRICANE AND DISASTER PREPAREDENESS, next Monday, June 26 at 4 p.m., will give the public access to talk with Hawai`i Civil Defense manager Talmidge Magno, and statewide  Hawaiʻi Emergency Management Agency Administrator Vern Miyagi.
Hurricane Madeline and Lester did little damage but led to opening shelters,
 and closing Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, beach parks and other venues in
late August, 2016. Image from NOAA
     Civil Defense managers from the other islands and Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, who is sponsoring the meeting, will join and as they answer questions from the community, discuss the forecast for the upcoming hurricane season, and review new recommendations that Hawaiʻi residents prepare an “emergency kit” with a minimum of 14 days of food, water and other supplies. Hurricane season is from June 1 to November 30.
     “We are so fortunate to live in Hawaiʻi, but we have some seasonal disasters that are unique to our islands, and it’s important to be prepared. With hurricane season kicking off this month and running through November, I’m hosting a telephone town hall meeting with emergency management leaders in each of our counties to talk about how Hawaiʻi families can prepare and stay safe,” said Gabbard.
      To receive a reminder call to join this event on Monday June 26 at 4 p.m.: Text "TULSI" to 828282, or go to vekeo.com/reptulsigabbard and enter name, phone number and email and receive a confirmation email. Click "Verify" in the confirmation email in order to complete registration.
     To dial in to the call at the time of the event, call 888-476-4187 at 4 p.m. on Monday June 26.

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Coffee farms looked like rice paddies when Iselle flooded
Wood Valley in 2014. Photo by Anne Celeste
CENTRAL PACIFIC HURRICANE CENTER predicts a normal to above-normal hurricane season through Nov. 30, predicting five to eight tropical cyclones. This is the first season that Ka`u Regional Gym serves as the area's disaster shelter. The hurricane season outlook includes a possible transition to a weak El Nino and prediction for near-or above-average ocean temperatures in the main hurricane formation region, and near-or weaker-than-average vertical wind shear in that same region. Gerry Bell, PhD., NOAA;s lead seasonal hurricane forecaster at the Climate Prediction Center, said,  "If El Nino develops, it may become strong enough to produce an above-normal season."

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ASTRONOMY ON THE BIG ISLAND makes one discovery after another. One of the latest, through Keck Observatory, was presented recently at the annual meeting of the American Astronomical Society, held in Austin, Texas.
     The presenter was Trent Duput, a graduate of the Institute for Astronomy at University of Hawai`i at Manoa.  “When we look up and see the stars shining at night, we are seeing only part of the story,” said Dupuy. "Not everything that could be a star ‘makes it,’ and figuring out why this process sometimes fails is just as important as understanding when it succeeds.”
     Dupuy, the lead author of the study, and co-author Michael Liu of the University of Hawai`i found that an object must weigh at least 70 times the mass of Jupiter in order to start hydrogen fusion and achieve star-status. If it weighs less, the star does not ignite and becomes a brown dwarf instead.
     How did they reach that conclusion? The two studied 31 faint brown dwarf binaries (pairs of these objects that orbit each other) using W. M. Keck Observatory’s Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics system to collect ultra-sharp images of them, and track their orbital motions using high-precision observations.

This animation shows several of the binaries from this study, each orbiting around its center of mass, which is
marked by an x. Colors indicate surface temperatures, from warmest to coolest: gold, red, magenta, or
blue. The background image is a map of the entire sky visible from Hawaii and a silhouette of Maunakea, home
to Keck Observatory and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope where this study was conducted over the past
decade. Each binary is shown roughly where it is located on the night sky. The actual sizes of these orbits
on the sky are very small (about one billionth the area covered by an "x"), but the orbit sizes shown in the animation
are accurate relative to each other. The animation is also in extreme fast-forward, where every one second in
the animation corresponds to approximately two years of real time. Animation by T. Dupuy and K. Teramura, PSISC

     “We have been working on this since Keck Observatory’s LGS AO first revolutionized ground-based astronomy a decade ago,” said Dupuy.  “Keck is the only observatory that has been doing this consistently for over 10 years. That long-running, high-quality data from the laser system is at the core of this project.”The result of the decade-long observing program is the first large sample of brown dwarf masses.
    “It’s the synergy between Keck Observatory and CFHT that really gets us the full power of the results,” said Dupuy.
     Their goal was to measure the masses of the objects in these binaries, since mass defines the boundary between stars and brown dwarfs.
     The research team also used the Hubble Space Telescope to obtain the extremely sharp images needed to distinguish the light from each object in the pair. However, the price of such zoomed-in, high-resolution images from Hubble and Keck Observatory is that there is no reference frame to identify the center of mass. Wide-field images from the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) containing hundreds of stars provided the reference grid needed to measure the center of mass for every binary.

     “As they say, good things come to those who wait. While we’ve had many interesting brown dwarf results over the past 10 years, this large sample of masses is the big payoff. These measurements will be fundamental to understanding both brown dwarfs and stars for a very long time,” said Liu.

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Hawaiian Music Concert, Wed, June 21, 6:30 – 8 p.m., Kīlauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Komakakino share a love of hula, Hawaiian culture and singing traditional mele (songs) in the Hawaiian language. Free; park entrance fees apply.





Monday, June 19, 2017

Ka`u News Briefs Monday, June 19, 2017

Senators Mazie Hirono and Elizabeth Warner at Hawai`i on the Hill last week, where local products from Hawai`i were shared. The two also joined together Monday in an ethics inquiry regarding White House advisor Steve Bannon.
See story below. Photo from Office of Mazie Hirono 
INCREASING ENROLLMENT AT KA`U LEARNING ACADEMY is proposed to the Windward Planning Commission for its meeting on Thursday, July 6. The request from Ka`u Learning Academy's Executive Director Kathryn Tydlacka asks to increase permitted enrollment at the public charter school from 65 students to 100 and to allow for related facility improvements to accommodate the expansion.
     The Special Permit under which the school operates on Kaulua Circle within the former Discovery Harbour Golf Course Clubhouse on 3.69 acres, classified Agriculture by the state, was originally approved for a maximum enrollment of 65 students. The school offers grades three through eight. Its mission states: "Ka'u Learning Academy will be an innovative school that holds high social and academic expectations for the children of Ka'u despite the socioeconomic challenges that exist in our community, because we believe that all students can and will learn given the right educational environment.
Ka`u Learning Academy seeks permission to increase enrollment to 100.
Photo from Ka`u Learning Academy
     "Ka'u Learning Academy recognizes that each child is an individual with unique educational needs, and we will develop and implement individual education plans that stimulate each child at his/her zone of proximal development, so that every child is engaged in learning in a safe, supportive and nurturing environment."
     The Planning Commission meeting will be held at the Aupuni Center Conference Room at 101 Pauahi Street in Hilo, with public access for testimony at the Old Na`alehu Courthouse.

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FEDERAL ETHICS LAWS AND THE WHITE HOUSE are of concern, said Sen. Mazie Hirono. She reported that she and Senators Elizabeth Warren, Edward J. Markey, and Sheldon Whitehouse sent a letter on Monday to Stefan Passantino, Designated Agency Ethics Official at the White House, requesting clarification on White House senior advisor Steve Bannon's compliance with federal ethics laws.
     "Earlier this month, we received new information from the Office of Government Ethics indicating that Steven Bannon may have violated President Trump's Executive Order on Ethics and other ethics rules via his communications with Breitbart News Network, and that the ethics waivers provided to Mr. Bannon and others may not appropriately address these matters," wrote the Senators. "Based on this new information, we are writing to you - again - to seek clarification on and understand Mr. Bannon's compliance with Executive Order 13770."
Steve Bannon. Photo by Gage Skidmore/Wikipedia
     The Senators initially wrote to Passantino in April, following media reports that Bannon had discussions with his former employer Breitbart News, potentially violating the Ethics Pledge outlined in Executive Order 13770. That request, along with a similar inquiry sent directly to Bannon, went unanswered. The Senators then asked the Office of Government Ethics to provide information on the federal ethics requirements that applied to Bannon's communications with Breitbart.
     OGE's response outlined Bannon's ethics obligations, and described a retroactive waiver issued by the White House in May, allowing Bannon and other Executive Office appointees to communicate in some cases with news organizations, as "problematic" and "inconsistent with the very concept of a waiver." It also made clear that the May 31st waiver was "limited," and that Bannon was still barred from communicating with Breitbart regarding "particular matters[s] involving specific parties," indicating that Bannon may still be in violation of Executive Order 13770, said the report from Hirono.
    The Senators asked Passantino to provide additional information about the White House waiver, as well as Bannon's prior communications with Breitbart and any recusals he may have made to avoid any conflicts of interest involving his former employer, stated Hirono.

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FORCING THROUGH A BILL TO REPEAL THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT had Sen. Brian Schatz planning to stay up all Monday night. He reported, "I will join fellow Democrats in taking to the Senate floor to protest the Republicans’ attempt to force through their bill to repeal the Affordable Care Act."
      He declared that "Senate Republicans are rushing toward a vote by the end of the month -- and they’re planning to do it with no hearings, no women, and no Democrats involved.
       "There won’t be any opportunity to hear expert testimony or listen to healthcare providers. Instead, a group of 13 Republican men are crafting this bill in secret, without any bipartisan input. Their plan is to move so fast, we can't stop them."
Brian Schatz joined others in seizing the Seanate Floor Monday
night to protest the lack of hearings on the health care bill.
       Schatz urged his constituents to confront what he calls "legislative malpractice." He said, "It's time to light up the phones. While Democrats and I are on the floor tonight, please call your senators at (202) 224-3121 and urge them not to vote to repeal the Affordable Care Act."
     Schatz said that he has "never before heard of a bill that would be jeopardized by people being able to read it. That’s how unpopular and immoral this legislation is. And it’s not hard to see why: this bill cuts Medicaid, eliminates protections for Americans with pre-existing conditions, and punishes women -- all to give tax breaks to the rich.
     "We have the opportunity to kill this bill, but it will take all of us working our hardest during the next week or two before Senate Republicans call a vote.      "The news cycle has been unrelenting lately – but we have a moral obligation to our families, communities and fellow citizens to step up and defend access to health care before it’s too late," Schatz insisted.
Komakakino plays Wednesday night at Kīlauea 
Visitor Center Auditorium.
       On the Senate floor, Schatz said, that once the Republican bill is posted local people everywhere will notice that "my community health center is going to get shut down....my hospital may no longer exist." He said the simple solution is for three Republicans to join the Democrats in saying "I am not voting for a bill that doesn't get a hearing. Let this thing see the light of day."

To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see Facebook. Follow us on Instagram and Twitter.

Hawaiian Music Concert, Wed, June 21, 6:30 – 8 p.m., Kīlauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Komakakino share a love of hula, Hawaiian culture and singing traditional mele (songs) in the Hawaiian language. Free; park entrance fees apply.




Sunday, June 18, 2017

Ka`u News Briefs Sunday, June 18, 2017

Na`alehu Anthony captured this photo of Hōkūleʻa returning to Hawai`i this weekend.
Photo from Polynesian Voyaging Society
WITH THIS WEEKEND'S HOMECOMING OF POLYNESIAN CANOES, Hōkūleʻa and Hikianalia, after three years sailing 40,000 nautical miles around the world to 23 countries and 150 ports, using traditional navigation, Hawai`i residents are invited to take the Mālama Honua Pledge to commit to a more sustainable future.
     Families, students, educators, ocean conservationists, voyaging waʻa groups, residents and visitors joined the welcome ceremony on O`ahu on Saturday. On Sunday, they were allowed to climb on board the canoes.  Among those honoring the journey were Gov. Daivd Ige and U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, who issued a statement:
Rep. Tulsi Gabbard and Gov. David Ige joined leaders in 
asking Hawai`i people to sign the Mālama Honua Pledge.
     "Thousands of years ago Hawai`i’s ancestors settled every livable landmass across a large swath of the Pacific. They used the technology of their time to explore the unknown and they lived in harmony with nature. Today, too often, technology is used to exploit nature, creating more suffering around the world. Every action has a reaction, and the voyage of the Hōkūle‘a over the last three years has spread aloha and the message of Mālama Honua, uniting a network of people committed to creating a better world." 
      She said that the mission of Mālama Honua "means preserving our limited resources, taking care of each other and our island earth. Much like our ancestors used technology to create a balance between our civilization and nature, so can we today. We are very proud that Hawai`i was the first state in the country to recommit to the Paris Climate Accord. As we look to Hawai`i to lead the way in protecting our environment, let us be inspired by the message carried by the Hōkūle‘a as a path to a brighter future for all. The Mālama Honua Pledge can be taken through this link.
    The Malama Honua Fair and Summit are being held Sunday through Tuesday at the Hawai`i Convention Center in Waikiki.  The Youth World Congress and Youth Summit draws students ages five to 25. The Youth Summit on Sunday brought together "local and global youth to celebrate Malama Honua stories and create a collective call to action for the future stewardship of our Island Earth," said a statement from the Polynesian Voyaging Society.
     The Hōkūleʻa and Hikianalia are expected to come to the Big Island in the near future as part of islands-wide homecoming and educational events.
Hōkūleʻa visited 23 countries, 150 ports and sailed 40,000 nautical miles,
Map from Polynesian Voyaging Society
OPENING OF THE 2017 WORLD YOUTH CONGRESS, on Sunday, inspired by the Worldwide Voyage of Hōkūleʻa, featured U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard. She spoke about how successful examples of sustainability throughout history, like the ahupuaʻa system developed by Native Hawaiians, can inspire policies and communities worldwide today. She encouraged the delegates of the World Youth Congress and other attendees on O`ahu to continue the mission of the Hōkūleʻa—Mālama Honua—by finding ways to care for each other and the planet in their daily lives.
      The 2017 World Youth Congress addresses issues from the 2016 International Union for Conservation of Nature World Conservation Congress, which was well attended by representatiives of conservation organizations and Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park in Ka`u.
      The Youth congress explores the theme Reconnecting to our Ancestral Roots to build Sustainable Communities. In her remarks, Gabbard said, “Our ancestors taught us basic principles of sustainability and conservation—replenishing what we take, putting need over greed, and giving back to our home. These lessons gifted to us throughout history are just as timely and relevant now as ever before, and they must frame our path in the future.”
A masked Tim Orr, on his last day of field work as a USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist, collected a sample from Kīlauea Volcano’s active lava flow on May 31, 2017. The face mask and heavy glove on his left hand provide protection from the intense radiant heat of molten lava. Orr (inset) has accepted a research geologist position
at the Alaska Volcano Observatory in Anchorage. USGS photos.
HAWAIIAN VOLCANO OBSERVATORY'S MASKED GEOLOGIST heads north to Alaska. The weekly Volcano Watch article points out that in recent photos of a USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist collecting lava samples, readers might have noticed the face mask worn to protect exposed skin from the intense radiant heat. The mask also conceals the wearer’s identity, raising the question, “Who is that masked geologist?” 
Tim Orr is known for his volcano photography including this ocean
entry image presented with a collection of his photos at a Hawaian
Volcano Observatory talk at Pahala Plantation House.
Photo by Tim Orr
      Though not intentional, the concealment is fine with Tim Orr, the geologist behind the mask, who prefers to avoid the limelight. But it’s high time to recognize his contributions to volcanology in Hawai`i. Orr has accepted a research geology position at the Alaska Volcano Observatory in Anchorage, so he’s headed north to Alaska. 
    Why would Orr willingly leave paradise? He hails from Montana, so he’s familiar with snow and grizzly bears. He’s actually excited about getting back to a climate and outdoor activities similar to those of his youth. He also looks forward to learning about Alaska’s volcanoes, their different styles of eruption, and new monitoring techniques.
     Growing up near Yellowstone National Park, which is atop a volcanic hot spot, Orr was bitten by the “volcano bug” early on. While studying geology at the University of Montana, he spent four months volunteering at HVO in 1994. 
Orr photographed monitoring equipment that was obliterated by
an explosive event at Kīlauea . It was published in The Atlantic.

Photo by Tim  Orr
   After completing a Master’s degree in geology at Northern Arizona University, and with a hankering for volcano monitoring work, Orr returned to HVO in 2002 as an operational geologist. By 2007, he was leading HVO’s Kīlauea geology group, overseeing monitoring efforts and hazard assessments for the ongoing East Rift Zone (Pu‘u‘ō‘ō) eruption. In 2008, his duties increased with the onset of Kīlauea’s summit eruption within Halemaʻumaʻu.
     Despite his heavy HVO workload and family responsibilities, Orr managed to complete a Ph.D. in geology at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa in 2015. 
      During Orr's tenure at HVO, much has happened on Kīlauea, and he’s been in the middle of it all. A few examples: He was one of the HVO scientists who discovered the explosive deposits that marked the onset of the ongoing summit eruption in March 2008. Three years later, just as the Kamoamoa fissure eruption began, he straddled widening ground cracks on Kīlauea’s East Rift Zone to capture spectacular video of lava spewing to the surface. During the 2014-2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis, his detailed mapping and keen field observations were essential to keeping Hawaiʻi County Civil Defense and the public informed. 
Tim Orr getting up close to lava burning an ohia forest.
Photo from USGS
       Orr is an excellent research scientist who integrates detailed observations and geophysical data with his geologist’s intuition. For example, at the start of Kīlauea’s summit eruption, he recognized that the occasional lava lake explosive events were triggered by large rockfalls from the crater walls. The cause of these explosions was initially debated, but high-resolution webcam imagery later provided conclusive support for his model.
      Orr was instrumental in developing HVO’s modern webcam network and time-lapse camera systems to track volcanic activity. This opened a whole new way of monitoring and conducting research on Hawaiian volcanoes.
      He also employed an innovative technique using structure from motion software to merge aerial imagery captured during overflights. This enables scientists to produce maps of active lava flows without having to walk many miles over rough and hazardous terrain.
Sampling from a tongue of lava, Tim Orr documents the life of volcanoes.
Photo from USGS
      Orr's accomplishments at HVO and his contributions to a better understanding of Hawaiian volcanoes are extensive—too long to list here. The same is true for his community service. “Thank you” hardly suffices for the countless public talks, Volcano Watch articles, and interactions with students he's provided over the past 15 years.
      Asked about the best part of his job at HVO, Orr replied, “There’s never a dull moment.” And the worst part? His response was identical, reflecting the intense demands of Kīlauea’s non-stop and ever-changing activity. 
     Orr is a valued USGS colleague and good friend to all of us at HVO. Generous with his time and knowledge, he’s always available to answer questions or mentor new staff. His calm demeanor and sense of humor are great assets in a work environment that often requires long hours and, at times, an abundance of stress. AVO’s gain is certainly HVO’s loss.
    "You will be greatly missed Tim, but we wish you all the best in Alaska. A hui hou…until we meet again," said the statement from the HVO team in Volcano Watch.

Hawaiian Music Concert, Wed, June 21, 6:30 – 8 p.m., Kīlauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Komakakino share a love of hula, Hawaiian culture and singing traditional mele (songs) in the Hawaiian language. Free; park entrance fees apply.
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