Ka`u Calendar News Briefs Monday, Dec. 28, 2015

Volcano Art Center Gallery's first exhibit of the New Year features glasswork by Daniel Moe. See more below. Photos from VAC 

NO SMOKING IN HAWAI`I if under 21 years of age as of Jan. 1. Act 122 makes Hawai`i the first state to prohibit the sale, purchase, possession or consumption of cigarettes, other tobacco products and electronic smoking devices to anyone under age 21. 

      “Raising the minimum age as part of our comprehensive tobacco control efforts will help reduce tobacco use among our youth and increase the likelihood that our keiki will grow up to be tobacco-free,” Ige said upon signing the legislation in June.
      Hawai`i County is one of a handful of cities and counties to have already raised the MLA to 21, having passed the bill last year.
      According to Act 122, tobacco product means any product made or derived from tobacco that contains nicotine or other substances and is intended for human consumption or is likely to be consumed, whether smoked, heated, chewed absorbed, dissolved, inhaled or ingested by other means. Tobacco products include cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, snuff, snus and electronic smoking device.

      To help Hawai`i residents comply with the new legislation, tobacco and e-cigarette users are encouraged to contact the Hawai`i Tobacco Quitline for support and free resources, including approved nicotine delivery devices. Call 1-800-QUIT-NOW or see www.hawaiiquitline.org to learn more.

      For more information about Hawai`i’s Tobacco Prevention and Education Program, see www.health.hawaii.gov/tobacco. 

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DONATIONS TO MILOLI`I CONTINUE. After the state closed Miloli`i Beach Park and areas surrounding Honomalino Bay last week because of dengue fever, community organization Pa`a Pono Miloli`i set up a gofundme account to purchase mosquito protection products. With an original goal of $3,000, the organization has received $4,480 so far from 59 donations. It had suggested $30 donations from $100 people, but several generous folks provided more.
      Funds will go toward purchase of mosquito nets, spray and coils to be delivered to residents by New Year’s Eve.

      To contribute to Miloli`i’s “Fight Da Bite” campaign, see gofundme.com/ztg9544s.

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THE MAJORITY OF PEOPLE IN HAWAI`I erroneously believe their health insurance plan and government programs will cover the costs for long-term services and supports, according to a recent statewide survey commissioned by of the state Executive Office on Aging. 

      The survey, conducted by Market Trends Pacific as part of a long-term services and supports public awareness campaign, showed that slightly more than half of respondents, about 54 percent, are very or fairly familiar with long-term care, while about a fourth of the respondents, or 24 percent, has any familiarity with long-term services and supports.

Terri Byers Photo from Office of Gov. Ige

      Those who are least aware of long-term care are younger residents who have been in Hawai`i for 20 years or fewer, non-home owners, persons without a college degree, and males.
      The survey results showed many are unclear about who pays for long-term care: 39 percent think that their health insurance covers it, and 24 percent trust that the government will help them. The majority of respondents identified health insurance, personal savings, Medicaid or Medicare as funding sources.
      “Many in Hawai`i may be aware of the need for long-term care, but there is clearly a smaller percentage who are aware of the need to prepare for the costs associated with that care,” said Terri Byers, director of the Executive Office on Aging. “We know that we should save and plan for college or retirement, but long-term care is not often part of the picture, despite the fact that 70 percent of us will use long-term services and supports at some point in our lives. We recognize that we must begin to change this.”
      The cost of long-term care is one of the obstacles to preparing for long-term services and supports. Young adults may have other financial obligations and may already have difficulty making ends meet. “This is not an issue on their radar, and the costs may make many shy away from even trying to plan for long-term care,” Byers said.
      “The Executive Office on Aging is launching a public awareness campaign in early 2016 to help people understand their options and the need to plan ahead to enjoy more choices and to avoid the risks of not being financially prepared,” Byers said. “Many have been led to believe impoverishing themselves to qualify for government assistance is the best solution, but this ultimately limits their options.
      “It is clear that there are no private products available on the market that provide an answer for everyone, and the best made plans don’t always materialize. Our ultimate goal is to initiate a conversation and inspire more people to find out all they can to be prepared mentally, emotionally and financially to create a personal plan for care that is sustainable and adaptable.”
      The survey consisted of a total of 297 landline phone and mobile interviews and 306 online questionnaires. Results are available from the Executive Office on Aging’s Aging and Disability Resource Center website at www.hawaiiadrc.org.
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Aedes aegypti Photo from DOH

HELPFUL INFORMATION ABOUT MOSQUITOES is available on Hawai`i Department of Health’s website. According to DOH, mosquitoes have been around for millions of years. In that time, they’ve diversified into about 3,000 species worldwide. They have successfully adapted to climates from the arctic to the tropics. Some mosquitoes bite humans while others prefer other animals, and some even just sip plant nectar. Some transmit diseases, while others do not. Some are active during the day, others at night. Some prefer to breed in clean water, others in dirty ponds and swamps. 

      In Hawai`i, the Aedes aegypti (Yellow Fever Mosquito) and Aedes albopictus (Asian Tiger Mosquito or Forest Day Mosquito) carry the dengue virus, DOH reported. Other Aedes members can transmit dengue but are not found in Hawai`i. These mosquitoes are most active in the early morning after daybreak and the late afternoon before sunset.
      Only females bite. They require the protein of a blood meal for development of their eggs – they do not feed on blood for their own nourishment. Since blood is only required to build eggs, the males do not take blood, but rather feed on plant nectar.

Aedes albopictus Photo from DOH

      Females may feed one to three times to obtain a full blood meal. The speed of digestion of the blood meal may take two to three days in tropical areas, and then the female is said to be full of eggs. After laying the eggs, the female mosquito is ready to take another blood meal. So, the female mosquito feeds several times during its lifetime. 

      Heavy mosquito nuisance usually indicates a nearby breeding source, according to DOH. Aedes mosquitoes typically lay their eggs on accessible surfaces above the water line/level. Common breeding sites are in water found in old tires, clogged roof gutters, cans, bottles, unused swimming pools, unused fish ponds, pineapple lilies (bromeliads), hollow bamboo stumps, hollow tree stumps, uncapped hollow tile walls, uncapped fence pipes and overflow trays under house plants.
      Aedes albopictus adults usually rest outdoors in places such as bushes, but they can be found indoors in houses and other dwellings. Aedes aegypti are most commonly found indoors and only occasionally outdoors in garden vegetation. These mosquitoes travel less than 200 yards.
      See health.hawaii.gov.
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VOLCANO ART CENTER PRESENTS RECENT artwork by Daniel Moe in an exhibit titled Carved By Sand beginning Jan. 9. The solo show features a new collection of blown, sculpted and carved glass work exploring patterns, symbols and images which highlight the environment, spirit and culture of life on Hawai`i Island.

Daniel Moe's exhibit opens Jan. 9.

      Moe makes glass during three or four six week-long studio sessions each year. He works with an apprentice as well as several assistants. He continues to create his Kilauea collection, which includes the Kilauea crackled vase, a shiny, black vessel with orange veins and hot lava flowing from it. Moe’s Kalapana Kai collection features the Kalapana Kai wave, a loose, cresting, clear blue wave.
      “I fell in love with glass as a medium to express my love and connection to nature,” Moe said. “When I approach glass in its fluid state, I feel as if this connection is enhanced. Tuning into this sacred space allows me to understand the link between the earth elements and my own.
      “Glass is not only a material, it is matter, living its own life, a powerful medium of communication. It is both beautiful and treacherous. It lends itself to metaphor because it can imitate some things, such as water, magma, stone and suggest other things like air and light. It is poetry. The ephemeral changing colors and movement of magma and moving water are properties of the glass itself. It can be liquid, viscous, transparent, opaque, shiny, solid, adaptable, flowing and versatile. This makes it the perfect material to express the dynamic raw and liberating energy revealed in the `aina of Hawai`i.”
      Volcano Art Center Gallery in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park is open daily from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Free; park entrance fees apply.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

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See kaucalendar.com/Directory2015.swf
and kaucalendar.com/Directory2015.pdf.

Ka`u Calendar News Briefs Sunday, Dec. 27, 2015

Christmas Day in Ka`u. Ka`u resident Richard Taylor captured this blanket of clouds covering a rainbow mauka of Hwy 11.

BANNING IVORY SALES could be considered by Hawai`i Legislature in the upcoming session. Last year, a bill passed in the House of Representatives but stalled in the Senate. 

      Nick Grube reported in Civil Beat that Hawai`i is the third-largest market in the country. New York and California, where sales are higher, recently passed bans.

Christmas Night in Ka`u. Ka`u photographer Peter Anderson focused in on
the moon as it rose in Ka`u's dark skies. 

      “There’s no question that we’re a massive market,” Inga Gibson, senior director of the Hawai`i office of the Humane Society of the United States, told Grube. “There’s no question there’s a lot of ivory out there. And a lot of it is brand spanking new.”
      The Humane Society is urging the state to ban ivory sales to help curb the killing of elephants, whales, walruses, narwhal, hippos and other species. According to Grube, the ban would not apply to guns, knives and musical instruments that are made up of less than 15 percent ivory. Exemptions would apply for private or personal items already owned or that would be heirlooms. Items used in Native Hawaiian cultural practices and for educational or research purposes would also be exempt.
      “People aren’t bringing ivory here to sell to people in Hawai`i,” Keith Swindle, the resident agent in charge of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Office of Law Enforcement in Hawai`i and the Pacific Islands, told Grube. “They’re selling it to tourists, and they’re selling it to foreign nationals.”
      Swindle said that, with a statewide ban, his agency would be able to go after in-state sales rather than having to prove cross-border transactions to establish jurisdiction.
      A ban would also allow Hawai`i’s Division of Conservation and Resource Enforcement to assign officers to investigate cases. The agency has previously testified in support of an ivory ban. 

      Hawai`i State Legislature opens Jan. 20.
      See civilbeat.com.
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Rep. Richard Creagan, M.D. testified at a special meeting of Hawai`i County
Council regarding dengue fever. Image from Hawai`i County

MILOLI`I’S CURRENT DENGUE FEVER outbreak is not its first, according to Ka`u’s state Rep. Richard Creagan. At as special meeting of Hawai`i County Council on Dec. 2, Creagan, who is a physician, said, as reported by David Corrigan on Big Island Video News, that there was an outbreak in 1993 and 1994, but “we didn’t know what it was, but in retrospect it was dengue because the Health Department did test 10 people who came forward in 2005, and they were all positive for dengue. It was called the Miloli`i Flu. I saw people in the ER who, all the symptoms were dengue … but we didn’t know about dengue. We thought leptospirosis; we thought tick-borne diseases. So, we never knew what happened. After a few months, the cases stopped coming.” 

      Creagan said the outbreak went away because “there was a two-year, severe drought on this island. And with that drought, apparently, this mosquito population diminished enough. People’s pails in their yard and everything else didn’t have any water in them, so the outbreak died away. 

      “We may be facing a drought with an El Nino right now, and prediction is we will have it. Frankly, we better hope we have it because that may be the only thing that stops this epidemic.
      “It’s still considered an outbreak, but it could become an epidemic.”
      The state closed Miloli`i Beach Park and Honomalino Bay last week after finding cases of dengue and dengue-carrying mosquitoes in the areas.
      See bigislandvideonews.com.
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS about dengue fever are answered on Hawai`i Department of Health’s website, health.hawaii.gov. Here is a sampling:
      Where on the Big Island are the cases located? The investigation is still underway, and the Department of Health is still investigating possible areas where cases may have been exposed to infected mosquitoes. Current investigations have identified South Kona … as an area of particular concern, but the entire island is considered to be at risk. All islands in the state should be vigilant and take measures to reduce mosquito breeding grounds.

      Is it safe to travel to the Big Island and the rest of Hawai`i? Absolutely, yes. The Big Island and the rest of Hawai`i remain safe destinations for visitors and residents. The current outbreak is very small by global standards, and minor compared to other popular tropical tourist destinations. (Mosquito bite prevention tips for travelers are also available at DOH's website.)

      All travel involves at least some risk, but visitors can, in general, reduce their risk by protecting themselves against mosquitoes and mosquito bites by using mosquito repellent that contains DEET and covering up with appropriate clothing no matter where they go. Precautions should especially be taken when going into areas where mosquito activity is likely.
      Do I have the symptoms of dengue? If you are concerned that you may have symptoms related to dengue (which can include fever, severe headaches, pain behind the eyes, joint and/or muscle pain and rash), you should contact your healthcare provider and avoid further exposure to mosquitoes.
      If you are ill and are worried that you might have dengue fever, it is important that you be evaluated by a healthcare provider. Many of the initial symptoms of dengue can overlap with other conditions that require specific treatment (like leptospirosis); additionally, a small number of individuals with dengue can go on to have severe dengue, and it is important that individuals with dengue be monitored by a healthcare provider to ensure that they are not progressing to severe dengue.
      Can I get tested for dengue? If you are at all concerned that you might have dengue, you should contact your healthcare provider and avoid further exposure to mosquitoes.
      If you were ill and more than a week has passed since the time of illness, an antibody test can determine whether you were previously infected with dengue. However, determining which dengue virus type you had is not possible after the first week of illness.
      Can I get mosquitoes tested for dengue? Can someone come and spray my property for mosquitoes? Mosquito testing for individuals is not something that the DOH is able to offer. Department staff have been conducting on-going assessments for mosquito activity and may as a precaution be spraying in areas; DOH necessarily is prioritizing areas of concern identified through our investigations.
      What substance is used in the spraying of mosquitoes? The spray that is used is Aqua Reslin, which targets live adult mosquitoes. Although we recommend that people and pets stay away from treated areas for several hours as a precaution, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has determined that the spray poses no health risk to humans or their pets.

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TO HELP MAKE THE HOLIDAYS greener, Hawai`i County Solid Waste Division of the Department of Environmental Management is again offering Treecycling. 

      Through Sunday, Jan. 17, residential customers may leave trees in designated areas (not in the rubbish chutes) at any of the County Solid Waste Division Facilities, except for Miloli`i and Ocean View Transfer Stations, during normal business hours. Facility attendants will direct the public to the proper drop-off point. All commercial customers must recycle trees at either of the Organics Facilities in Hilo or Waikoloa.
      Trees should be free from all decorations, stands, lights, tinsel and ornaments. Do not drop off artificial or flocked trees in the designated areas. Any flocked trees, artificial trees or trees with tinsel are not recyclable and may be disposed of in the regular trash chutes.
      Also, recycle Kadomatsu decorations, which are normally a combination of bamboo, pine and flowers. Kadomatsu is a tradition that began 600 years ago in Japan as a way of offering luck in the New Year.
      For more information on Recycling in Hawai`i County, see www.hawaiizerowaste.org, or call 961-8270.
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One more week remains to view Volcano Art Center Gallery's Invitational
Wreath Exhibit. Photo from VAC

VOLCANO ART CENTER GALLERY’S annual Invitational Wreath Exhibit continues for one more week during Christmas in the Country. The exhibit presents one-of-a-kind wreaths in a variety of imaginative media, techniques and styles, from the whimsical to the traditional. 

KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP’S Holiday Challenge continues through New Year’s Eve. Lights and Christmas displays are along the walkway fronting the historic stone cottages at KMC near the restaurant, bowling alley and Lava Lounge. The public is asked to take a wintery evening stroll and to vote for their favorite decorated cottage.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

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See kaucalendar.com/KauCalendar_December2015.pdf.

Ka`u Calendar News Briefs Saturday, Dec. 26, 2015

Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park announced 17 fee-free days in the New Year, its centennial. See more below.
NPS Photo by David Boyle

WILL THE STATE PAY Department of Hawaiian Home Lands about $19 million that Hawai`i Supreme Court said it owes? “We are working with the attorney general’s office to understand the court ruling, and once we are clear about what our obligations are, we will be submitting a supplemental request to the Legislature,” Gov. David Ige said during a press conference this week. 

      Ige also told Honolulu Star-Advertiser, “I am not aware of any other court being able to direct the Legislature or the executive to appropriate specific amounts.”
      David Kimo Frankel, who filed suit against the state in 2007, said that the state has to comply with the court’s instructions. “The order is very clear on what they need to do,” Frankel told reporter Sophie Cocke. “There is no question. It is an order – it is a court order.”
      Cocke reported that the court found that the state is required to fund DHHL’s expenses as written into the state Constitution.
      See staradvertiser.com.
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THE BLUE ZONE HEALTH INITIATIVE encourages people to plan for better health during the holidays as the New Year approaches. The program for Ka`u and East Hawai`i offers a Daily Challenge for wellness management and cautions, “When it comes to health and well-being, we often set unrealistic goals that feel overwhelming. Instead of trying to lose 50 pounds, or achieve instant happiness, why not try a different approach – one that’s a little more manageable? The Daily Challenge can help you positively impact your life and advance your personal well-being by suggesting small actions you can accomplish every day.” 

      In addition to allowing the keeping of a personal health improvement record, the Daily Challenge will “help you connect with the people in your life who will hold you accountable and cheer you on toward better health. These people are your Right Tribe. The Daily Challenge makes it easy to connect your tribe and to share successes and best practices that can help inspire and empower those most important to you. Together, you can turn everyday choices into everyday victories. Sign up for the Daily Challenge today!”
      The website also offers the Gallup Healthways Well Being Index to assess an individuals health status. See hmsa.com/wbc.
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AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION’S 2015 fall meeting, the largest annual Earth and space science meeting in the world, is the topic of the current issue of Volcano Watch. Last week, nearly 24,000 scientists from the U.S. and abroad met in San Francisco for the meeting. 

      “The five-day event was filled from morning to night with more than 23,000 talks and poster presentations and 300 technical exhibits and demonstrations of new scientific tools and publications, as well as networking opportunities and a multitude of sidebar meetings,” the article states. “Attendees exchanged ideas, heard recent discoveries, debated evidence and defined new directions for research.
      “A number of USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists attended the meeting to present information ranging from summaries of recent activity at Hawaiian volcanoes to results of their research on various volcanic topics. They were joined by other USGS and university co-workers who are investigating many aspects of Hawaiian volcanology, often in direct collaboration with HVO.
      “Several HVO talks and posters dealt with the Halema`uma`u Crater lava lake. One presentation offered insights into how and why the lake transitions from times of quiet lava upwelling and circulation to periods of unstable lava spattering (one explanation is rockfalls). Other lava lake studies examined how rockfalls influence seismicity and what this can tell us about the properties of magma within the conduit.
      “Current and former HVO staff presented analyses of the April – May 2015 lava lake overflows within Halema`uma`u and the coincident deformation and seismicity within Kilauea’s summit and upper rift zones. Scientists were able to discern transfer of magma from the shallow Halema`uma`u reservoir into a south caldera magma storage area. Further analyses will provide new insights into how Kilauea’s magma plumbing system behaves. Another HVO poster showed how the current location of magma under Kilauea’s summit is inconsistent with where magma resided in the past.
      “HVO’s long-term monitoring of Kilauea gas emissions was also featured at the meeting. This included a discussion of the possibility that the Pu`u `O`o eruption might be waning based on lowered sulfur dioxide gas emissions and analyses of sulfur preserved in melt inclusions within olivine crystals. How this long-term trend relates to Kilauea’s summit gas emissions, which are still quite elevated, is the subject of ongoing study.

Kilauea's summit lava lake, including this explosion triggered by falling rocks
on May 3, 2015, was one of many topics HVO scientists discussed
at the meeting. Photo from USGS

      “Two presentations addressed explosive and effusive cycles at Kilauea, an important aspect of the volcano’s long-term history with implication for hazards. The studies represent two different ways of looking at the issue: geochemical lab analyses of tiny crystals in volcanic ash and field examinations of the relationship and characteristics of tephra deposits. Convergence of insights from these disparate approaches is accelerating our understanding of important questions, such as what controls Kilauea’s eruptive cycles and how we might know a transition is coming. 

      “The use of new technology to study volcanoes was also presented at the meeting. University of Hawai`i at Hilo scientists demonstrated the use of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) to monitor pahoehoe emplacement and inflation. Another team reported on kite-based imaging and analysis of the 1974 Kilauea lava flow.
      “Other scientists shared results from laboratory experiments to simulate lava flows, magma motion and the explosive expulsion of gas and lava from a vent, all documented with high-definition, high-speed video. Using materials that closely replicate the properties of magma and its gas bubbles, these experiments approximate what is actually happening inside an erupting vent or lava flow – places otherwise inaccessible. 

      “Several HVO and UH-Manoa poster presentations dealt with the 2014-2015 Pahoa lava flow crisis. Each discussed how scientists conveyed hazard information to emergency managers and the public. Hazard communicators from other fields (earthquake, tsunami, weather) were interested in the Pahoa experience and how HVO’s communication efforts might be applied to other hazardous events.
      “The AGU meeting also involves recognizing extraordinary careers of scientific achievement. This year, former HVO scientist Dan Dzurisin, now at the USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory, was honored for his decades-long research on volcano deformation.
      “Why do scientists spend a week listening and talking to each other from dawn to dusk? Recent and cutting-edge information, most of it not yet published, is presented at the AGU meeting, creating an atmosphere of excitement, discovery and camaraderie among scientists that is highly stimulating. HVO participants always come away with new ideas and renewed enthusiasm for understanding Hawaiian volcanism and its hazards.”  

      See hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanowatch.
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DRAW FROM NATURE in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park on Tuesday from 10:30 a.m. to 12 p.m. Ken Charon teaches how to gain inspiration from the natural environment of Kilauea in this free instructional outing.
      The class meets at Volcano Art Center Gallery before heading to a scenic are to witness the creative forces of Kilauea and develop the ability to capture its unique natural beauty.
      Sign-up is on a first-come, first-served basis the day of the class. Bring a sketchpad, pencils, eraser and sharpener.
      Park entrance fees apply. For more information, call 967-7565, or see volcanoartcenter.org.

Kilauea Iki Trail is popular for visitors and kama`aina. NPS Photo by Janice Wei

THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE turns 100 years old in 2016, and so does Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. All national parks will waive entrance fees on 16 special days in 2016, and Hawai`i Volcanoes will offer one additional fee-free day to celebrate its 100th birthday on Aug. 1, 2016. 

       The 17 fee-free days in 2016 are:

• Jan. 18 – Martin Luther King, Jr. Day; 
• April 16-24 – National Park Week (nine fee-free days); 
• Aug. 1 – Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park 100th birthday; 
• Aug. 25-28 – National Park Service Birthday Weekend (four fee-free days; 
• Sept. 24 – National Public Lands Day; and 
• Nov. 11 – Veterans Day. 

      Usually, Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park has an entrance fee of $15 per vehicle, and the pass is good for seven days. Park visitors can also purchase the annual tri-park pass for $25 and enjoy Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, Pu`uhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park and Haleakala National Park for less than seven cents a day. The annual tri-park pass, which is good for one year from the date of purchase, is available at entrance stations of all three parks.
      See nps.gov/havo.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

See kaucalendar.com/KauCalendar_December2015.pdf.

See kaucalendar.com/Directory2015.swf
and kaucalendar.com/Directory2015.pdf.