Ka`u Calendar News Briefs Monday, Sept. 26, 2016

The Nature Conservancy, which manages the Kamehame hawksbill turtle preserve below Pahala, receives
donations from Hawaiian Springs, the company planning a water bottling plant in Pahala, according to
www.hawaiiansprings.com Photo by David Rayner

HAWAIIAN SPRINGS, WHICH IS PLANNING a water bottling plant in Pahala, “is a proud supporter of many local community and charitable events and serves on the Corporate Council for the Environment for The Nature Conservancy in Hawai`i,” according to its website, www.hawaiianspringswater.com. “Further, Hawaiian Springs donates a portion of its proceeds from bottled water sales to The Nature Conservancy each year in its effort to build awareness and support for the preservation of native Hawaiian endemic species – many of which are threatened with extinction.” The Nature Conservancy manages preserves of pristine forest and watershed in the mountains of Ka`u as well as the Kamehame hawksbill turtle nesting site below Pahala on the coast.

A green sea turtle basks at what appears to be an abandoned hawksbill

turtle nest at Kamehame, managed by The Nature Conservancy.

Photo by Will Olsen/Hawksbill Recovery Project

      In the 1981 Overview of Water Resources Pahala-Na`alehu, author John Mink stated that “the southern portion of the Ka`u District has profited from a long history of water resources investigations.” Mink reported that runoff rarely reaches the coast, “and infrequently do stream channels in the wet mountain area carry a sustained flow for more than a few days. Rain quickly infiltrates into highly permeable soil and rock formations and ultimately percolates to deep aquifers, even though often temporarily arrested by perching ash beds.”

      Regarding source sustainability, Hawaiian Springs states on its website that the aquifer in Kea`au from which it draws water for its bottling plant there has a recharge rate of 1.38 billion gallons per day, according to the Hawai`i Commission on Water Resource Management. “It’s enough pure water to supply all the bottled water consumed each year in America in 7.3 days!” the company states. “Think that’s crazy, how about all the world’s yearly bottled water consumption in less than a month! Now that’s sustainable!
      "With an approved sustainable use rating of 740 million gallons per day, Hawaiian Springs’ source (the N.E. Mauna Loa system) is the most robust in Hawai`i and one of the healthiest in the world. In fact, the overall Big Island aquifer system has a sustainable use rate of 2,431 mgd – that’s over 3.4 trillion liters of pure artesian water each year!” Hawaiian Springs states on its website.
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Sen. Mazie Hirono

SEN. MAZIE HIRONO AND FELLOW SENATE DEMOCRATS unveiled a measure to increase access to support at-risk Hawai`i youth. The Youth Access to Sexual Health Services Act would create a competitive grant program to expand access to fact-based, community oriented education and support programs that promote sexual health for young people who have been disadvantaged by underlying structural barriers and social inequity.

      “Politicized and agenda-driven sex education fails too many at-risk and disadvantaged young people,” Hirono said. “Better access to education will translate into better decisions that will help young people improve their health, enhance their futures and gain confidence that their communities understand, accept, and support them.”
      The YASHS act would authorize the Health and Human Services Secretary to award competitive grants for programs that expand access to sexual health services for marginalized youth, including young people of color, immigrant youth, LGBTQ youth, youth in foster care, homeless youth, youth in juvenile detention, and others.
      These grants would help organizations bridge barriers to information and access – from discrimination, to a lack of knowledgeable providers, a perceived lack of confidentiality, and transportation and other costs. These barriers can contribute to health challenges and disparities, including high rates of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV, unintended pregnancies, and other issues.
      The YASHS Act would also ensure that no federal funds are provided for programs that withhold health-promoting or life-saving information about sexuality-related topics, that are inaccurate or ineffective, or are inconsistent with the ethical imperatives of medicine and public health.
      “Despite ongoing attacks in states across the country to keep young people from accessing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health information, we at Planned Parenthood continue to provide life-changing sex education programs that deliver information and resources about relationships, sexuality and sexual health,” said Carole Miller, Chief Learning Officer at Planned Parenthood of the Great Northwest and the Hawaiian Islands. “We applaud Sen. Hirono for her tireless work to ensure today’s youth have access to comprehensive and medically accurate sex education, and we stand with her as she introduces legislation that will support our efforts and those of our partners to address the needs of our most vulnerable youth and at the same time help us to build safer, healthier communities for all.”
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Rep. Tulsi Gabbard speaks with Service Academy students.
Photo from Office of Rep. Gabbard

KA`U’S U.S. REP. TULSI GABBARD is currently accepting nomination request letters from individuals in Ka`u and throughout Hawai`i’s Second Congressional District to the U.S. Service Academies for the classes entering in the summer of 2017. The deadline for completed files is Oct. 31.

      “Each year, I have the honor of nominating Hawai`i’s best and brightest to attend our nation’s prestigious Service Academies,” Gabbard said. There is no greater privilege than to serve our country in uniform, and I encourage anyone in the Second Congressional District who is qualified and interested to submit their application for a nomination.”
      The Service Academies include the Air Force Academy at Colorado Springs, CO; the Naval Academy at Annapolis, MD; West Point Military Academy at West Point, NY; and the Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, NY.
      Coast Guard Academy admissions are based on a nationwide competition and do not require Congressional nominations.
      Potential candidates must have reached their 17th birthday and not passed their 23rd birthday on July 1 of the year they would enter the academy; be a U.S. citizen; have graduated from high school; be unmarried; have taken the ACT and/or SAT; and meet stringent entrance requirements of their preferred academy.
      Applications can be submitted to Ryan Joslin, Office of Congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard, 300 Ala Moana Blvd Room 5-104, Honolulu, HI 96850.
      For more information, see http://bit.ly/2cmt6Jp, or call Gabbard’s Hawai`i office at 808-541-1986.
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Ka`u High's cross country team members, with coaches Erin Cole
and Kevin Sun, are halfway through their season.
Photo from Erin Cole

KA`U HIGH CROSS COUNTRY TEAM has been training Monday through Friday and racing 5K (3.1 miles) on Saturdays. The team raced on a bright sunny day at Kamehameha school on Sept. 10. The athletes enjoy this course and came in with some good times: Brennan Nishimura 23:07, Kyle Calumpit 23:49, Rowlie Flores 27:12, Daryl Moreira 29:38, Sheena Flores 28:29 and Chloe Gan 29:24

      The whole team, including coaches Erin Cole and Kevin Sun, ran in the Ka`u Coffee Trail run and found the trail to be challenging and fun.
      A race on Saturday, Sept. 24 was at HPA. Teams from other islands as well as the mainland participated. The weather was typical for Waimea, with a light mist, hot sun, cool shade and a breeze. The infamous HPA hill was daunting as always, and our team ran hard. Brennen Nishimura finished at 25:10; Kyle Calumpit, 26:00; Rowlie Flores 26:47; and Daryl Moreira 28:19.
      After the race, the team enjoyed a Yoga for Runners class with Stacy Lanterman at Hawaiian Healing Yoga.
      The team is halfway through the racing season. The next races are at Waiakea at 3 p.m. on Oct. 1, Kea`au at 10 a.m. on Oct. 8 and BIIF Championships at HPA on Friday Oct. 21. 2 p.m. HHSAA Championships take place at HPA on Oct. 29 at 8:30 a.m.
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Native Hawaiians used rock from Kilauea's summit to make tools.
Poster from NPS

ARCHAEOLOGIST CALEB HOUCK SHARES HIS KNOWLEDGE about Hawaiian adze production and lithic block quarries on Kilauea tomorrow at After Dark in the Park.

      The free program begins at 7 p.m. at Kilauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park.
      Park entrance fees apply. $2 donations support park programs.

MAKE A HAWAIIAN BROOM Wednesday from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. at Kilauea Visitor Center in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park. Rangers teach how to make a useful pulumi ni`au, brooms fashioned from midribs of coconut leaves.
      Free; park entrance fees apply.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS AT PAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM AND KAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

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Ka`u Calendar News Briefs Sunday, Sept. 25, 2016

Retired police officer Bobby Gomes led yesterday's Ka`u Plantation Days pa`u parade Grand Marshal.
Photos by Darlyne Vierra

PA`U RIDERS AND HORSES GRACED Hwy 11 in Na`alehu yesterday at the opening of Ka`u Plantation Days. Retired police officer Bobby Gomes, of Pahala, served as Grand Marshal.
      Festivities, including music and food, followed at Na`alehu Park, with displays of photos and artifacts from Ka`u’s sugar era. Ka`u Sugar closed down 20 years ago.
      Ka`u Multicultural Society organized this year's event, with leadership from Darlyne Vierra and Liz Kuluwaimaka.

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Colors represent various Hawaiian Islands.

“THE PRESIDENT TOOK OFFICE VOWING to strengthen the relationship between the United States government and tribal governments around the country, including the Native Hawaiian population,” White House Press Secretary Josh Earnest said at a press briefing on Friday. His remarks followed the Department of Interior’s release of a new rule establishing a way for Native Hawaiians to have a government-to-government relationship with the federal government if they choose to form a unified government.

      “Next week the White House will convene the Tribal Nations Conference here in Washington, D.C.,” Earnest said. “This is something that the President has prioritized, and he’s regularly appeared at this conference as a demonstration of the priority that he has placed on improved relations between the federal government and tribal governments.
      “The President obviously does have his own personal connection to the Native Hawaiian population and the rich cultural heritage of the Native Hawaiian people. The President got to experience a little of that when he traveled to Hawaii a few weeks ago. And the President believes that that cultural heritage isn’t just worthy of our respect, it’s also worth protecting. And that's the reason that, in designating the marine monument out there, the policy was careful to ensure that local populations could continue to engage in their ancient traditions.

Keiki rode their horses through Na`alehu.

      “So I think this also – I would put this in the category of the kind of policies the President is hopeful the next president will pursue. But there’s a lot of progress that we’ve made in terms of strengthening the relationship between the federal government and a variety of tribal governments. But there’s more work to be done.”

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HAWAI`I ATTORNEY GENERAL DOUG CHIN joined 35 other attorneys general who filed an antitrust lawsuit against the makers of Suboxone, a prescription drug used to treat opioid addiction, over allegations that the companies engaged in a scheme to block generic competitors and cause purchasers to pay artificially high prices.

A horse strikes an imposing pose.

      Suboxone is a brand-name prescription drug used to treat heroin addiction and other opioid addictions by easing addiction cravings. No generic alternative of the film is currently available.

      Chin said, “Helping addicts recover from the deadly effects of opioids is a top priority here and in other states. This week, I had commented on the legal authority in Hawaii to prescribe Suboxone for the purpose of opioid detoxification or maintenance treatment of opioid dependence. Unfortunately, the makers of this drug have capitalized on this serious public health crisis and raked in huge corporate profits.”
      Reckitt Benckiser Pharmaceuticals, now known as Indivior, is accused of conspiring with MonoSol Rx to switch Suboxone from a tablet version to a film that dissolves in the mouth in order to prevent or delay generic alternatives and maintain monopoly profits. The companies are accused of violating state and federal antitrust laws.

Miss Ka`u Coffee 2016 winners celebrated Ka`u Plantation Days. Left

to right are Miss Ka`u Coffee 2016 Rochelle Koi, Miss Ka`u Coffee

Second Princess Jami Beck, Miss Peaberry Chazlynn Pua-Queja

and Junior Miss Ka`u Coffee 2016 Karlee Fukunaga-Camba.

      According to the lawsuit, when Reckitt introduced Suboxone in 2002 (in tablet form), it had exclusivity protection that lasted for seven years, meaning no generic version could enter the market during that time. Before that period ended, however, Reckitt worked with MonoSol to create a new version of Suboxone – a dissolvable film, similar in size to a breath strip. Over time, Reckitt allegedly converted the market away from the tablet to the film through marketing, price adjustments and other methods. Ultimately, after the majority of Suboxone prescriptions were written for the film, Reckitt removed the tablet from the U.S. market.

      The attorneys general allege that this conduct was illegal “product hopping,” where a company makes modest changes to its product to extend patent protections so other companies can’t enter the market and offer cheaper generic alternatives. According to the suit, the Suboxone film provided no real benefit over the tablet and Reckitt continued to sell the tablets in other countries even after removing them from the U.S. market. Reckitt also allegedly expressed unfounded safety concerns about the tablet version and intentionally delayed FDA approval of generic versions of Suboxone.

      As a result, the attorneys general allege that consumers and purchasers have paid artificially high monopoly prices since late 2009, when generic alternatives of Suboxone might otherwise have become available. During that time, annual sales of Suboxone topped $1 billion.

The last haul cane truck brought the parade to a close.

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A FEDERAL FUNDING RESOLUTION FOR ZIKA research and protection includes $1.1 billion.
      “We appear to have a deal on Zika that will help us to address this dangerous disease,” Sen. Brian Schatz said. “This is especially important for Hawai`i because we have one of the mosquitoes that carries the virus. This disease is now well established in the United States, with thousands of cases reported in Florida and the U.S. territories. Our critical public health agencies like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are in desperate need of funding to combat Zika. It’s time we finally move forward with providing the CDC with the resources it needs.”
Schatz has been a voice on the need to pass Zika funding. Earlier this month, he sent a letter signed by 27 Senate colleagues, including Sen. Mazie Hirono, to House Speaker Paul Ryan urging him to bring the Senate-passed bipartisan Zika funding bill up for a vote in the House.
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After the pa`u parade, festivities continues at Na`alehu Park.

THE BIPARTISAN, BICAMERAL POWER ACT, which would help connect victims with legal representation. In response to a pervasive lack of legal assistance for domestic violence survivors, Rep. Tulsi Gabbard and colleagues today introduced the bill last week. Studies have shown that survivors who can afford or access a lawyer successfully obtain restraining orders in 83 percent of cases, compared to 32 percent without a lawyer.

      “The frequency of domestic violence is more prevalent than most realize – nearly 20 people per minute are physically abused by an intimate partner in the U.S.,” Gabbard said. “This staggering statistic will not change and could become worse if we don’t empower survivors with the support they need to move forward. In Hawai`i, 575 domestic violence survivors seek support from local programs and services every single day, and too often, their needs go unmet. The POWER Act will give domestic violence survivors in Hawai`i and across the country access to affordable legal services as well as the protection that is often needed for themselves and their families.”

Among Plantation Days musicians were
and Demetrius Oliviera and friends.

      The POWER Act would require each U.S. Attorney’s office to annually host a public event supporting pro bono legal services for survivors of domestic violence. The U.S. Attorneys would report to the Department of Justice, which will then compile a single report to Congress each year summarizing the events and discussing their effectiveness.

      A companion bill passed with unanimous support in the Senate.
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HAWAIIAN ADZE PRODUCTION & Lithic Block Quarries on Kilauea are topics at After Dark in the Park on Tuesday. Archaeologist Caleb Houck shares his knowledge about the lithic block quarries on Kilauea volcano. Learn how Hawaiians crafted finely grained basalt rock into adze following the 1790 summit eruptions, why these particular rocks were prized by Hawaiians and how archaeologists discovered these abandoned quarries centuries later.
      The free program begins at 7 p.m. at Kilauea Visitor Center Auditorium in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park.
      Free; park entrance fees apply. $2 donations support park programs.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS ATPAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM ANDKAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

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Ka`u Calendar News Briefs Saturday, Sept. 24, 2016

Learn about `ohi`a lehua tomorrow at Kahuku. See more below. Photo from NPS

INTERNSHIPS ARE NEXT FOR GRADUATES of a pilot health care program offered at Ka`u Resource & Distance Learning Center. Nine students graduated yesterday after finishing a year of online classes that prepared them to become community health workers. Students also read textbooks that are used in classes at Maui and Kapi`olani Community Colleges. Graduates will offer outreach and health assessment to the community and refer patients to medical providers.

      Subjects included medical terminology, emergency response, CPR, first aid and caregiving for the elderly. The students also studied HIPAA, the federal law that protects personal medical information and recognizes the rights to relevant medical information of family caregivers and others directly involved in providing or paying for care.

Ka‘ū’s County Council member Maile David celebrated with Jessie Marques,
at right, and graduates, including Donna Kekoa. Photo by Ron Johnson

       Students took three courses in six-week sessions. Graduates were required to complete final exams with scores of 80 percent or higher.

      Resa Salmo, a student from Volcano, said that community health workers provide “a little bit more trust” to residents who need medical attention but hesitate to seek it.
      Ka`u High graduate Stacyn Lopez, activities director at Yukio Okutsu State Veterans Home in Hilo, said the program was a great opportunity. Lopez said she has been working with Ka`u Rural Health Community Association, Inc. Executive Director Jesse Marques since she was eight years old.
      Other graduates are Betty Jo Adams, Krystalyne Gascon, Sunshine Kahapea, Donna Kekoa, Daniel Mokiao, Nicole Moore and Mahealani Taganas.
      Ka`u Hospital has agreed to participate in the internship program, along with Hui Malama Ola Na `Oiwi and Hilo Medical Center.
      Funding for the program came from several sources, including the state Department of Health Family Health Services, a Hawai`i County grant-in-aid and Alu Like. Marques said a second program may be offerd based on success of internships and employment of graduates.
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LAURENCE CAPELLAS’ PORTRAIT IS TO BE DISPLAYED Ka`u High School’s new gym, according to a group of Ka`u residents who lobbied to name the gym for the principal of long ago. Capellas led the effort to start football, build the pool and much more during his tenure from 1946 to 1959.

Noel Kawachi with a photo of Laurence Capellas.

      A letter written and signed by several Ka`u residents during their efforts stated that Capellas “was the type of person who could envision what could be possible and inspire others. … His leadership and influence went way beyond the walls of the school. The town we have today carries on the foundations inspired and established because of this man who worked tirelessly for others. Mr. Laurence Capellas recognized that confidence-building, decision-making, character-formation happened in and out of the classroom.”
      The plan is to present a large, framed photo of Capellas with a plaque on opening day when the photo will be on a stand draped with a maile lei. After the opening, the county will place it on the wall.
      Opening may be as early as October.
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WHAT’S HAPPENING AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN? Those are questions Hawaiian Volcano Observatory answers in the current issue of Volcano Watch regarding the rise and fall of Kilauea’s summit lava lake.
      “In early September 2016, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory monitoring instruments on Kilauea began recording increased rates of inflation and slightly elevated shallow earthquake activity,” the article states. “These changes indicate a higher rate of magma accumulation within the volcano’s summit magma reservoir.
      “This magma accumulation is also reflected – quite visibly for visitors at the Jaggar Museum Overlook in Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park –by periodic, and sometimes rapid, rises of the lava lake within Halema`uma`u Crater. When the lake level is high, vigorous spattering on the lake surface creates a dazzling display, especially after dark, when the incandescent lava lights up the night sky.
      “Longtime volcano watchers have likely noticed that Kilauea’s summit lava lake rises and falls in concert with summit inflation and deflation. During the last half of 2015, the lava lake level generally fluctuated between about 40 and 70 meters (131 – 230 feet) below the rim of the vent on Halema`uma`u Crater’s floor.
      “Throughout 2016, the lava lake level has typically varied between 20 and 40 meters (66 –131 feet) below the vent rim. That is, until early September, when the increased rate of inflation resulted in higher lake levels. 

On Sept. 10, Kilauea's summit lava lake rose to within 16 feet
of the vent rim. Photo from USGS/HVO

      “On Sept. 10, the summit lava lake rose to within five meters (16 feet) of the vent rim but dropped the next day with the onset of summit deflation. Since then (as of Sept. 22), the lava lake level has fluctuated between 10 and 28 meters (33 – 92 feet) below the rim, rising and falling with periods of inflation and deflation – and thrilling park visitors who happen to see the lake during one of its high stands. 

      “Like those visitors, HVO staff enjoy the beauty of Kilauea’s lava lake activity. But, as scientists, we also ponder what it means.
      “It’s impossible to know the exact outcome(s) of a pressurized magma reservoir. We have, however, identified possible scenarios based on recent observations and past similar events.
      “For example, given long-term trends and current conditions at Kilauea, we expect summit inflation and elevated earthquake activity to continue. With inflation, we also anticipate periodic high lava lake levels – possibly with lava overflowing the vent rim and spreading across the floor of Halema`uma`u Crater, as happened in April-May 2015.
      “Intermittent rockfalls in the summit vent are also expected. Rocks falling from the vent walls and into the lava lake can initiate explosions that send spatter (clots of molten lava), solid rock fragments and bits of volcanic glass (ash, Pele’s hair, Pele’s tears) flying into the air. During past explosions, spatter and solid rocks up to a meter (yard) or more in size have been thrown onto the rim of Halema`uma`u Crater. These hazardous explosions occur suddenly and without warning – as recently as Sept. 19 – one reason why Halema`uma`u has been closed to the public since Feb. 2008.
      “If a lava lake explosion occurs under southerly wind conditions, tiny particles of volcanic glass and pulverized rock could be blown toward Jaggar Museum and other viewing areas. This could result in a ‘dusting’ of Pele’s hair and gritty ash at park overlooks.
      “The summit vent continues to emit sulfur dioxide and other volcanic gases that produce poor air quality downwind from the lava lake. But closer to the vent, along the Halema`uma`u Crater rim, gas concentrations are potentially life-threatening – the main reason why this area remains closed to the public.
      “Inflation of Kilauea’s summit reservoir increases the chance of magma intruding into the volcano’s south caldera or upper rift zones. Such an intrusion would likely result in a rapid drop in the summit lava lake and could cause new breakouts of lava, like the 2011 Kamoamoa fissure eruption. If the magma supplied to Pu`u `O`o increases, changes in the 61g lava flow and Kamokuna ocean entry could occur. 

      “HVO scientists closely watch Kilauea for any signs of an intrusion – changes in deformation and seismicity – that might precede a new breakout of lava. HVO’s monitoring instruments are programmed to rapidly alert us –day and night – to sudden changes on the volcano.
      “It’s an exciting and interesting time on Kilauea – for both the public and the scientists who study the volcano. If you’re unable to visit in person, you can still follow the lava lake’s rise and fall through HVO’s daily updates and recent photos posted at hvo.wr.usgs.gov/activity/kilaueastatus.php.”
      See hvo.wr.usgs.gov/volcanowatch.
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PARTICIPANTS LEARN ABOUT THE VITAL ROLE of `ohi`a lehua in native Hawaiian forests, the many forms of the `ohi`a lehua tree and its flower tomorrow from 9:30 a.m. to 10:30 at the Kahuku Unit of Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park.
      Visitors will be able to identify the many differences of the most prominent native tree in Kahuku on this program, which is an easy, one-mile (or less) walk.

SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS ATPAHALAPLANTATIONCOTTAGES.COM ANDKAUCOFFEEMILL.COM. KA`U COFFEE MILL IS OPEN SEVEN DAYS A WEEK.

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