Kaʻū News Briefs Sept. 6, 2024

The 2045 County General Plan Draft shows planned uses for lands mauka and makai in the Punalu'u area as High Density and Medium Density Urban near Punalu'u Black Sand Beach, Medium and Low Density Urban for much of the land makai of Highway 11 and mostly Medium and Low Density Urban above Highway 11. Map from General Plan Draft

A PUBLIC MEETING FOR KAʻŪ ON COUNTY OF HAWAI'I'S GENERAL PLAN DRAFT 2045 will be Thursday, Sept. 19 at 5 p.m. at Kaʻū District Gym Multipurpose Room. See the Draft and give comments at https://www.planning.hawaiicounty.gov/general-plan-community-planning/gp

    Projected use of lands can be seen for all areas of Kaʻū, including extensive High Density Urban, Medium Density Urban and Low Density Urban in the Punalu'u area. The Land Use Change Map is at https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/f073ef273f054cea97b12bf658def023/page/Land-Use/

   By zooming in and clicking on the map, those interested can view detailed information, including parcel number, changes from the 2005 to the 2024 General Plan Land Use state and zoning district. 

     A Swipe Tool offers a way to see changes between the 2005 and 2024 maps on both the Change Map and GP Maps. Click the swipe tool on the left side of the map. A vertical bar will appear, allowing user to slide it side to side for a clear comparison. 

    The county encourages continued engagement and reaching out with any questions.

    An In-Person Workshop Recording from Aug. 29 and the Webinar Workshop Recording from Sept. 5 can be heard at https://records.hawaiicounty.gov/Weblink/1/fol/138446/Row1.aspx. 

The public is invited to weigh in on the 2045 Hawai'i County Draft General Plan on Thursday, Sept. 19 at 5 p.m. at Kaʻū District Gym Multipurpose Room and to review workshops on the subject online. The General Plan aims to incorporate the  Kaʻū Community Development Plan. 
Image from General Plan Draft

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HAWAI'I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK POSTS ABOUT GIN AND THE 1934 ERUPTION: Sept. 6 marks the anniversary of the 1934 eruption, which lasted for 33 days after almost three years of quiet. During that eruption, a curious "tradition" emerged—offering gin to Pelehonuamea. This was not a

Historic aerial, sepia photograph of pele (molten lava) within Halemaʻumaʻu

 crater. USGS photo

traditional Hawaiian offering but likely a custom started by George Lycurgus, the proprietor of the Volcano House hotel, whose stories and influence popularized it among visitors.
    Pelehonuamea has often been anthropomorphized over a century, revered as a deity, yet it’s important to understand her true essence. Many native Hawaiians viewed the world as a delicate balance of many elemental forces—molten lava, flourishing plants, rainforests, and water above and below the earth. Pelehonuamea is the molten lava itself, representing the feminine energy that births ʻāina (land) and creates new earth on the surface.
    While Pelehonuamea is ʻohana (family) in Puna and Kaʻū, to many "she" is seen as a metaphor for the deep connection between Native Hawaiians and the land—not as a human figure. Her presence, and that of the lava, is not necessarily feared but respected. When you visit Kīlauea, remember to do so with respect for both the land and its powerful, living elements.
    The 1934 eruption, which began on this day, provided an exciting interlude after years of calm at Kīlauea. The spectacle lasted for over a month, as molten lava surged through the summit, captivating visitors and locals alike.

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The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration is explained in Kaʻū Night Skies,

KAʻŪ NIGHT SKIES  is written by Christopher Phillips, an astronomer, resident of Volcano and co-host of Stargazer on Hawai'i Public Radio:

    This month a few planets can be spotted during sunset, beginning with the planet Venus (Hokulea) which can be seen on the western horizon shortly after the setting Sun. Saturn (Naholohola) rises a little earlier this month and can be seen on the eastern horizon during twilight. Saturn will remain visible throughout the night. It is also quite bright, so easy to spot. For the night owls among us, Mars (Holoholopina'au) and Jupiter (Ikaika) will also rise in the east ot around 1 a.m. and both planets should be visible till sunrise.

Sky Chart from 'Imiloa Astronomy Center of Hawai'i

    During September, the Hawaiian starline of Mānaiakalani dominates the skies, and toward the end of the month it will begin to make way for the coming stars of Fall as we bid farewell to Summer. If you recall, Mānaiakalani is known by several names depending on translation. It can be known as The Chiefʻs Fish Line, Come-From-Heaven, or Mauiʻs Fish Hook.
    In the Polynesian triangle they represent the islands of Aotearoa (New Zealand), Hawaii, and Rapa Nui (Easter Island). You may also know these stars by their Arabic names, Deneb, Vega, and Altair, respectively. These stars are also known as the Summer triangle. The fishing line itself extends to the constellation of Sagittarius, which in this context is Pimoe, the giant Ulua fish.     Next to this is the distinctive shape of the hook itself, Ka Makau Nui o Māui, also known as Scorpio, the scorpion.
    The region dominated by Pimoe, and Ka Makau Nui o Māui also marks the center of our Galaxy, the Milky Way. On a moonless night the bright core of the Galaxy, filled with the light of millions of stars, is a sight to behold. From our view within the Galaxy we can see the great spiral arms of the Milky Way extending out from the bright core, with vast dark clouds of star forming material silhouetted against the light of countless stars. It is within the bright core of our Galaxy that we find the a supermassive black hole of Sagittarius A.
    In 2022 history was made when the black hole was imaged by the Event Horizon Collaboration of telescopes, including the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) and the Submillimeter Array (SMA), both located atop Maunakea.

Sagittarius in the Milky Way imaged by EHT

   The Event Horizon Telescope collaboration is an enormous scientific endeavor that links multiple radio telescopes across the globe to create what is essentially Earth sized telescope capable of providing stunningly detailed science at a ver high resolution. This remarkable undertaking includes telescopes in Chile, Hawai'i, Spain and Greenland.
    In May of 2022 the EHT made history with the first high resolution images of the supermassive black hole at the center of our Galaxy. Not content with resting on their laurels, the EHT has just delivered even more of the sharpest images of black holes ever captured from Earth, marking a thrilling leap forward in astronomy. By pushing the limits of technology, the EHT team used an ultra-high frequency of 345 GHz to provide breathtaking new views of supermassive black holes like M87 and Sagittarius A, the monster lurking in the heart of our Milky Way.
     So what does radio frequency have to do with capturing images of these black holes? A radio telescope frequency is similar to the resolution on a digital camera. Think about the camera on your phone, for example. The higher the resolution the more detailed the photograph it captures. For radio telescopes, which see in the radio light instead of visible light, a higher frequency means a more im pressive and detailed image. In this case it reveals the intricate dance of hot gas and powerful magnetic fields swirling around these cosmic titans. With this higher resolution, scientists can now probe the mysterious regions surrounding black holes with more precision.

Black hole is the center of the M87
galaxy at 345 Ghz by EHT in 2024.

    This new development by EHT sets the stage for creating high-definition "movies" of black hole activity, allowing us to witness these behemoths in action for the first time. It also allows us to push the boundaries of our understanding of the physics of the Universe and opens the door to new discoveries in the most extreme corners of our celestial realm. It is a proud moment for astronomy, particularly astronomy right here in Hawai'i.

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Saturday, Sept. 7

Kaʻū News Briefs Sept. 5, 2024

An HVO physical science technician upgrades the M3cam webcam on the Southwest Rift Zone of Mauna Loa. This webcam points northeast (uprift), towards the summit of Mauna Loa, to cover portions of the upper Southwest Rift Zone. The upgrade included a higher resolution webcam with a wider field of view. USGS photo by M. Patrick

WEBCAM UPGRADES KEEP A SHARP EYE ON HAWAIIAN VOLCANOES. That is the subject of this week's Volcano Watch, the weekly article and activity update written by U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists and affiliates:     Photography has been a crucial part of volcano monitoring in Hawai'i going back to the start of the USGS September, 2024, 5,000 in the mail, 2,500 on stands. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. In 1911, Frank Perret spent a summer capturing stunning black and white photos of Kīlauea's summit lava lake in Halemaʻumaʻu crater. Fast forward a century, and webcams are scattered across the island, snapping images of the volcanoes 24/7 in 4K resolution.      The images taken over a century ago helped document the activity people were viewing in that era. Today, technology allows us to monitor beyond the capabilities of the human eye. Thermal cameras show and autonomously detect high temperature activity day or night. The images from both visible-light and thermal cameras are transmitted in real time to the observatory, then online to the public.     Camera technology is continually improving and over the past year, HVO staff have been working hard at upgrading the webcam network to keep pace with the changing technology and bolster our monitoring abilities. Much of this work has been funded by the Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act of 2019 (H.R. 2157).     One part of this upgrade is replacing aging webcams with newer, more capable models. Some of the cameras recently decommissioned were well over ten years old. While those were adequate for basic monitoring, new cameras produce much higher quality images and some can remotely pan, tilt, and zoom (PTZ) their views.     At the summit of Kīlauea, the most active area in the past few years, we installed a new webcam (B2cam) near the floor of Halemaʻumaʻu crater for close-up views of vent and lava lake activity there. For years, our broad views of the summit caldera came from cameras in the HVO observation tower on Uēkahuna bluff. With the deconstruction of that building, a new site was needed. We installed a new high-power PTZ webcam (K2cam) on the nearby radio tower to provide a view over the caldera.     We also recently upgraded the webcam that monitors the outgassing plume from Kīlauea summit (KPcam).     The Southwest Rift Zone of Kīlauea just had a brief eruption on June 3 this year. Prior to that, we had upgraded the camera there to a wider-angle model to cover more of the rift zone (MITDcam). Mauna Loa's Southwest Rift Zone remains a hazard concern because of fast-moving flows that have occurred in this area, so improving the webcam coverage there has been a priority. Earlier this year we installed a PTZ webcam that can be remotely controlled from the observatory to better view any new activity along the rift zone (MDLcam). We installed another PTZ near South Point Road, to provide webcam coverage of the lower Southwest Rift Zone and Ocean View Estates (MSPcam).  The V1cam webcam, which provides the livestream at the summit of Kīlauea, is a pan-tilt-zoom model that allows HVO staff to adjust the view remotely based on changes in activity in the caldera. USGS photo by M. Patrick     We also upgraded theexisting webcam that looks at the upper portion of the Southwest Rift Zone (M2cam).     We continue to work on other areas for webcam upgrades as well. Future work includes bolstering webcam coverage on Kīlauea's lower East Rift Zone, and continued improvements on Mauna Loa.     Over the past year, we've also made more use of small, portable webcams that can be thrown in a backpack and deployed within hours. Although not as capable as our permanent webcams, these portable webcams can fill in observational gaps in the crucial opening stages of unrest.     These upgrades have been a team effort within HVO, and with permission from land-owning entities such as Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park. HVO geologists help with site selection, physical science technicians do the hard work of equipment preparation and installation, and IT staff then set up the acquisition scripts to pull the images and manage the data coming in.     Valuable technical knowledge for these upgrades comes from collaboration with other USGS volcano observatories and the USGS/USAID Volcano Disaster Assistance Program. Our international colleagues at volcano observatories in Italy, Ecuador and Reunion Island (Indian Ocean) all rely on webcams and have also shared information that HVO has used to improve our own webcam network.     Webcams will continue to be an essential tool for volcano monitoring, and technology will continue to improve. Keeping up with these changes ensures that we have the best eyes on any new activity. Volcano Activity Updates     Kīlauea is not erupting. Its USGS Volcano Alert level is ADVISORY.     Seismic activity and ground deformation continues at Kīlauea's summit and upper-to-middle East Rift Zone, at similar rates to the previous week. Over the past week, about 450 earthquakes were detected beneath Kīlauea's upper East Rift Zone and about 110 events were detected between Maunaulu and Puʻuʻōʻō in the middle portion of the East Rift Zone within Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park. Over the past week, Kīlauea's summit continued to show overall slow inflation with relatively little ground deformation recorded in the upper-to-middle East Rift Zone regions. Unrest may continue to wax and wane with changes to the input of magma in these areas; changes can occur quickly, as can the potential for eruption.     Mauna Loa is not erupting. Its USGS Volcano Alert Level is at NORMAL.     One earthquake was reported felt in the Hawaiian Islands during the past week: a M3.5 earthquake 6 km (3 mi) S of Volcano at 1 km (1 mi) depth on September 4 at 6:53 a.m. HST.     HVO continues to closely monitor Kīlauea and Mauna Loa. To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see facebook.com/kaucalendar. See upcoming events, print edition and archive at kaunews.com. Support this news service with advertising at kaunews.com. 7,500 copies in the mail and on stands. KUPU 'ĀINA CORPS 2024-2025 applications are being accepted. Kupu ʻĀina Corps is inviting participants, ages 17-38, and host site applications for the 2024-2025 Program Year from across the Hawaiian Islands. KAC is a workforce development initiative established through the State of Hawaiʻi's legislation for a Green Jobs Youth Corps. The year-long program employs individuals seeking experience in Hawaiʻi's agricultural, environmental, and green energy sectors. Part-time and full-time position options are available. Visit the Kupu website for more information and to apply at https://www.kupuhawaii.org/kupu-aina-corps?mc_cid=61703464a1&mc_eid=7a9407eabb To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see facebook.com/kaucalendar. See upcoming events, print edition and archive at kaunews.com. Support this news service with advertising at kaunews.com. 7,500 copies in the mail and on stands. 2024 HAWAI'I AGRICULTURE CONFERENCE IS OPEN. It will take place in Honolulu, Nov. 7–8. Early bird registration at a reduced price is now open until Sept 18. The event, typically held every other year, provides a place for the agricultural community to explore, learn, and network with each other, agricultural leaders and specialists, and affiliated stakeholders. In 2022, over 650 attendees participated in the Hawaiʻi Agriculture Conference. For more information visit the Hawaiʻi Ag Conference website at https://www.hiagconference.org/ To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see facebook.com/kaucalendar. See upcoming events, print edition and archive at kaunews.com. Support this news service with advertising at kaunews.com. 7,500 copies in the mail and on stands. Saturday, Sept. 7

Kaʻū News Briefs Sept. 4, 2024

New  Kaʻū Coffee Mill manager Roger Kaiwe (right) joins Kaʻū Coffee Growers Cooperative meeting to
discuss pricing, buying from farmers and future of the industry. Photo by Julia Neal

KAʻŪ COFFEE FARMERS WELCOMED new Kaʻū Coffee Mill Manager Roger Kaiwe and representatives of the adjacent MTZ mill to the Kaʻū Coffee Growers meeting on Sept. 3 in Pāhala to discuss the process of selling coffee to the mills and the pricing.

    The Martinez family, which owns MTZ mill, was represented by its sales manager Slava Bychkov. He told the Kaʻū Coffee Growers that the mill accepts coffee cherry from Monday through Saturday from noon to 5 p.m. with pricing at $2.50 a pound, less if cherry shows a 20 percent defect. They said they examine the coffee to determine its price in front of the farmers and use a floating method, a microscope and lab to assess the coffee. They said they pay the farmers on the same day they bring in the coffee. If farmers want to bring in coffee later than 5 p.m. it can often be arranged, said the representatives.
   When asked whether they would pick up large loads from farms, the MTZ representatives said not now, maybe in the future. When asked whether they would buy parchment, they said they would meet with farmers to work it out individually. They also committed to return to the farmers the same coffee bags in which farmers deliver their Kaʻū Coffee.

MTZ coffee mill sales manager Slava Bychkov and mill operations
 manager Jose. Photo by Julia Neal

    Farmers lobbied both the Kaʻū Coffee Mill and MTZ representatives to pay a higher price. Kaʻū Coffee farmer and coffee equipment dealer Laura Diaz said Kaʻū Coffee should draw pricing at least as high as Kona's.

    Richard Kaiwe, the new Kaʻū Coffee Mill manager, who has spent his career in Kona coffee, including with Royal Kona Coffee, said that Kona coffee prices vary and some of the pricing is lower than $2.50 a pound. He said, however, that he is willing to match other buyers' prices for Kaʻū Coffee and that the mill accepts coffee Monday through Saturday noon to 5 p.m.

    He said that Kaʻū Coffee Mill is far from profitable and that he wants to rebrand Kaʻū Coffee and get it back into international competitions. He talked about Kaʻū Coffee becoming less dependent on tourism. 

    When asked whether Kaʻū Coffee Mill will lease more acres to farmers, Kaiwe said it is a possibility and that he wants to lease to farmers who want to establish roots here or already have roots here. He acknowledged the growth in the number of famers from the Hispanic community.

     New Kaʻū Coffee farmer Brad Weisz said he was learning from the ground up and acknowledged the challenge in finding pickers. He also said he is interested in knowing how the mills determine the prices they are willing to pay farmers.

    Kaʻū Coffee farmer Trini Marques reviewed the beginnings of the Kaʻū Coffee industry that grew from displaced sugar workers when that industry left Kaʻū in 1996. She also credited the late Ed Olson who founded Kaʻū Coffee Mill. She said she hopes that the new manager will carry on the Olson legacy. She said Olson was a "sweet soul" that inspired hard work that paid off with good prices. 

     Kaiwe pointed to grant opportunities to help farmers with hard costs of protecting the coffee against diseases and other challenges. He also said he is committed to help the farmers make money and become more successful. 

    Kaʻū Coffee farmer Joan Obra asked farmers to report damage from the recent Hurricane Hone in order for her to seek any available support for the growers. She also noted that grant money has gone toward research in Kaʻū that has benefited the growers in the improvement of their crops.

     Madeleine Longoria Garcia, who got her start in the coffee business in Kaʻū and is now a co-owner of Pacific Coffee Research, encouraged the Kaʻū Coffee farmers to ensure high quality with professional cupping sessions. She also noted that farmers who operate fully integrated companies from seed to cup have the opportunity to make the most income. She encouraged farmers to understand the detail of all their costs when making decisions on whether to sell cherry, parchment, green been and/ or roasted coffee.

      Kaʻū Coffee farmer and an organizer of Kaʻū Coffee Festival Myles Maine noted that cash flow is important in each farmer's decision to sell cherry or hold the coffee for processing to a higher level. He noted that farmers need to pay pickers right away. In order for farmers to make more money at a higher level of processing they have to have the money set aside to pay the pickers. He said he sells enough cherry to pay for the pickers and processes the rest to higher levels, including his own brand.

    He also noted that coffee farmers are growing older and some have opted to sell cherry so they will have less work.

    After the meeting, Kaʻū Coffee Growers Cooperative President Gloria Camba said she hopes that the two big mills will come up with a higher price for the farmers, particularly given the higher prices of inputs that the farmers are facing to run their farms.

To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see facebook.com/kaucalendar. See upcoming events, print edition and archive at kaunews.com. Support this news service with advertising at kaunews.com. 7,500 copies in the mail and on stands.

 

This year's Girls Exploring Math & Science event is set for Nov. 19. Kaʻū fifth grade girls can sign up.
Photo from GEMS

IT'S TIME AGAIN FOR KAʻŪ FIFTH GRADE GIRLS to register for GEMS (Girls Exploring Math & Science). Madalyn McWhite-Lamson, who supports the experience for girls from here, said
GEMS is an annual day of discovery which features hands on workshops, led by community women volunteers, who show how they use math, science, and technology in their jobs.

Madalyn McWhite-Lamson reminds fifth grade girls to
 apply soon to attend GEMS. Photo by Julia Neal

     GEMS will be held on Tuesday, Nov. 19 at the Kahalu'u Manowai Site in Kona. Registration is first come, first served with a capacity of 160 girls. Lamson encourages registration immediately since capacity may be reached before final postmark deadline of Oct. 11. Girls who sign up ASAP also have a better chance to reserve preferred workshops.
    GEMS is sponsored by the American Association of University Women, Kona Branch, whose mission is to advance equity for women and girls through advocacy, education, and research. Registration forms will be delivered by AAUW members this Thursday, Sept. 5 to Kaʻū and all West Hawai'i Schools. Home schooled girls may request an application. by contacting 808-896-7180 or email billandcindyarmer@gmail.com. 

     Registration fee is $20 and scholarships are available. No girl will be turned away due to financial need. All girls attending will get breakfast, lunch, and a GEMS tote bag.

    Some of this years workshop topics include : Underwater Adventure; Marine Science and Problem Solving Along Our Shores; Art and Science of Food; A "WHEA' (way) of Life ; Structures; Craters; Monk Seal Mo'olelo; Building Pilina (relationships) with the Corals of Kahalu'u Bay: Veterinary Medicine; Hawai'i Wildlife Center, and more. 

    There will also be varied exhibits to explore before and after workshops. Workshops are designed to stimulate interest and bolster the confidence of girls in a new field and introduce girls to positive female role models which can make a difference to a young girl, and may stimulate interest in a new career goal.
     With any questions, or the wish to sponsor a girl, or for an application for a home schooled girl, call Cindy at 808-896-7180 or email: billandcindyarmer@gmail.com.

To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see facebook.com/kaucalendar. See upcoming events, print edition and archive at kaunews.com. Support this news service with advertising at kaunews.com. 7,500 copies in the mail and on stands.

September 2024, 5,000 in the mail, 2,500 on the streets

UPDATED COVID IMMUNIZATIONS are recommended by Hawai'i Department of Health for all persons six months of age and older as well as the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunization for newborns and infants, pregnant persons, adults over 75 and those 60-74 with certain chronic medical conditions.
    "Getting the updated 2024-2025 flu and COVID-19 vaccines as well as RSV immunization are important steps in staying safe from respiratory viruses and will helping minimize the impacts of these
diseases in our communities," said state Health Director Dr. Kenneth S. Fink. "This is especially important as we approach the holiday season."
    In addition to immunization, U.S. households will also once again be able to request four free COVID-19 self-test kits this season starting Sept. 23 at www.COVIDTests.gov.
    Both 2024-2025 flu and COVID-19 vaccines have been updated to protect against strains likely to be circulating during approaching respiratory virus season. The updated seasonal flu vaccines are a trivalent formulations that protects against H1N1, H3N2, and B/Victoria flu strains likely to circulate. The updated COVID-19 vaccines address recent strains of the Omicron variant and include the mRNA vaccines produced by Pfizer and Moderna as well as the protein antigen-based vaccine produced by Novavax.
    RSV vaccination for adults is recommended for individuals ages 75 and older, or ages 60-74 who have certain chronic medical conditions, to protect against severe disease. The RSV vaccine is not currently an annual vaccine, meaning people do not need to get a dose every RSV season.
    RSV immunization is also recommended to protect infants against RSV infection and severe disease. Without immunization, almost all children by age two will develop an RSV infection which even in healthy infants and children too often causes difficulty breathing and hospitalizations. Highly effective RSV immunization is recommended for newborns and infants as well as pregnant persons, as this will provide protection to the newborn at birth.
    COVID-19, flu, and RSV vaccines can be given during the same visit, simplifying the process of staying up to date with CDC recommendations. There is no minimum waiting period between vaccines. For those who are sick, best to wait until full recovery before getting vaccinated.

    Vaccination providers in Hawaiʻi have already begun receiving the updated vaccines. However, not all providers will have vaccines available at the same time, as shipping timeframes will vary between manufacturers, vaccine distributors, vaccine formulations, and provider locations. Give providers time to ensure vaccines are received in good condition, stored properly, and inventoried in their systems, in order to properly administer and document the vaccination of patients. Contact vaccination provider for availability of the updated 2024-2025 vaccines.
    The statement from state Department of Health says, "Getting immunized is one of several ways to protect your health and your 'ohana from respiratory viruses. Vaccinations are also essential in preventing widespread outbreaks and reducing the burden on healthcare systems. You can help prevent the spread of respiratory diseases such as COVID-19, flu, and RSV by staying home when sick, practicing good hygiene, taking steps for cleaner air, and wearing a mask. Please contact your health care provider or local pharmacy if you have questions, to determine vaccine availability, and to schedule a vaccination visit."
    For more information on DOH respiratory guidance, visit the Disease Outbreak Control Division Respiratory Viruses webpage.

To read comments, add your own, and like this story, see facebook.com/kaucalendar. See upcoming events, print edition and archive at kaunews.com. Support this news service with advertising at kaunews.com. 7,500 copies in the mail and on stands.

Saturday, Sept. 7